Petroleum Refining: Feedstock and Hydrocarbons

What is the typical range of sulfur content found in most crude oils?

Which type of hydrocarbons are characterized by carbon-carbon triple bonds?

Which of the following is a key function of a desalter unit in crude oil refining?

At what temperature range should crude oil be maintained during the heating stage of desalting to ensure effective water-oil separation?

In a desalter unit, what is the role of the electric field applied between two electrodes?

What is the primary operational difference between atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation?

What is the main purpose of Solvent Deasphalting (SDA) in petroleum refining?

Which solvent is commonly used in the solvent deasphalting process to dissolve oil and precipitate asphaltene?

In the context of solvent extraction, what is the 'lube oil stock' treated with?

What is the primary role of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) in solvent extraction processes?

Which solvent is typically used in solvent dewaxing to dissolve raffinate?

What is the primary purpose of chilling the solution in the solvent dewaxing process?

Which of the following parameters influences the effectiveness of water-oil separation during the desalting process?

In crude oil refining, what is the term for the process where smaller water droplets combine to for larger drops for easier separation?

If a crude oil sample is measured to have a salt content of 3 PTB (pounds per thousand barrels) after desalting, what would be the approximate equivalent in kg/1000 m³?

Which of the following outcomes is specifically associated with poor desalting in a crude oil refinery?

If a refinery wants to process heavier crude oil fractions, which distillation method would be more suitable?

What is the key characteristic of 'deasphalted oil (DAO)' produced in the solvent deasphalting process?

What is the name of the well-known solvent deasphalting process known for energy efficiency?

In the context of solvent extraction, if the solvent removes aromatic components from the lube oil stock, what is the remaining oil phase called?

Which of the following is the correct general formula for paraffin hydrocarbons (alkanes)?

Which term accurately describes hydrocarbons characterized by branched structures that exhibit structural isomerization?

Which of the following crude oil characteristics would be LEAST desirable for efficient petroleum refining?

Which process is positioned at the 'front-end' of a crude oil refinery, functioning as the initial separation step?

A refinery is experiencing high levels of corrosion in its overhead equipment. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

Which of the following products is typically produced using catalytic cracking units after solvent deasphalting is complete?

A refinery aims to maximize the output of high-quality lubricating oils. Which of the following processing sequences is MOST appropriate?

Which type of crude oil would generally command a higher price due to its desirable properties for refining?

A refinery needs to reduce the viscosity of heavy residual oils. Which of the following processes would be MOST suitable?

Which of the following compounds found in crude oil can act as a poison to catalysts used in catalytic cracking units?

Which product is created during solvent dewaxing?

Which of the following parameters is LEAST relevant when choosing between atmospheric and vacuum distillation?

In the context of crude oil refining, what primarily determines whether a specific hydrocarbon will be found in the extract phase or the raffinate phase?

At what operational condition is more distillates extracted in a Vacuum Distillation Unit?

How does the continuous phase manifest in an oil rig?

The desalter in a refinery is not operating correctly, as the PTB is to high. As an operator , what are the best series of actions?

What is the trade name of the solvent used to dewax?