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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of emulsifiers in emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E)?
What is the main purpose of emulsifiers in emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E)?
- To reduce the visible residue on treated surfaces
- To prevent the formulation from plugging screens or nozzles
- To make the formulation easy to handle, transport, and store
- To allow the formulation to be mixed with water to form an emulsion (correct)
What is the typical range of active ingredient (AI) content in each gallon of emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E)?
What is the typical range of active ingredient (AI) content in each gallon of emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E)?
- 10 to 20%
- 5 to 15%
- 25 to 75% (correct)
- 80 to 90%
Which type of solvent is usually good for emulsifiable concentrates?
Which type of solvent is usually good for emulsifiable concentrates?
- Xylene
- Acetone
- Alcohols
- Kerosene (correct)
What is the advantage of emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E) in terms of handling and transportation?
What is the advantage of emulsifiable concentrates (EC or E) in terms of handling and transportation?
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What is the process by which emulsifiers enable the formation of an emulsion in emulsifiable concentrates?
What is the process by which emulsifiers enable the formation of an emulsion in emulsifiable concentrates?
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Study Notes
PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS
- Pest control involves understanding key concepts: pest, injury, environment, control, kill/eradication, management, IPM (Integrated Pest Management), and resistance/tolerance.
Basic Concepts
- Chemical control involves using pesticides, which consist of an active ingredient (a.i.) and technical grade.
- A pesticide can have multiple names: chemical name, common name, trade name/commercial/brand name, with the registered symbol (®).
PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS
- Pesticides are formulated prior to use, comprising:
- Active ingredient (a.i.)
- Additives (inert ingredients) that enhance safety, effectiveness, ease of measurement, mixing, application, and handling.
Ideal Formulation
- Two major advantages of an ideal formulation:
- Safe
- Effective
Manufacturing and Sales
- Active ingredients are manufactured as technical grade before being formulated.
- Formulations are the final products sold for use, often under a brand name.
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