Lecture 3
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Questions and Answers

What is a key aspect of Humanism?

  • Confronting our fears
  • Fostering a pessimistic view of human nature
  • Embracing full potential (correct)
  • Accepting anxiety

    • What is a goal of Existentialism?

  • Avoiding anxiety
  • Encouraging self-exploration (correct)
  • Fostering a pessimistic view of human nature
  • Embracing full potential

    • What is emphasized in Humanism?

  • The power of anxiety
  • The need for determinism
  • The importance of fear
  • The uniqueness of individual experiences (correct)

    • What is a key difference between Existentialism and Humanism?

    <p>Existentialism focuses on fear, while Humanism focuses on potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common goal of both Existentialism and Humanism?

    <p>Encouraging self-exploration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of personal growth in Humanism?

    <p>Embracing full potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of Lecture 3 in the personality lecture series?

    <p>Humanistic &amp; existential approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Maslow, what is the relationship between self-actualized people and the world?

    <p>They live more in the real world of nature than in the man-made world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to James, what is the personal self?

    <p>The end product of psychosexual development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of people who prioritize the 'now and here'?

    <p>Present moment awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of phenomenology?

    <p>The nature of human consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Humanist and Existentialist accounts of the self?

    <p>Personal experience and self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the two primary philosophers associated with phenomenology?

    <p>Husserl and Heidegger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key concept in humanism?

    <p>Inherent goodness of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Humanist and Existentialist accounts of personality?

    <p>Humanist emphasizes self-actualization, while Existentialist emphasizes freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relevance of Humanist and Existentialist accounts of the self to personality psychology?

    <p>They emphasize the importance of personal experience and self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of humanistic psychology?

    <p>To help people realize their full potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key concept in phenomenology that emphasizes the unitary nature of human experience?

    <p>Dynamic holism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of self-actualized people?

    <p>Conformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the learning outcomes in this course?

    <p>To understand the key principles of Humanist and Existentialist accounts of the self</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of existentialism according to the provided content?

    <p>Embracing the challenges of existence and personal responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the lecturer for the personality course?

    <p>Caroline Fielden</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of humanistic psychology?

    <p>The role of the person in shaping their life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept in phenomenology that emphasizes the importance of being present in the moment?

    <p>Phenomenal centredness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key concept in existentialism?

    <p>Biological determinism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between personal growth and Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

    <p>Personal growth is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of Lecture 6 in the personality lecture series?

    <p>Personality assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of humanistic psychology?

    <p>The study of human emotions and experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary assumption of phenomenology regarding human experience?

    <p>It is a process that is more than the sum of its parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key concept in existentialism that emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and responsibility?

    <p>Personal responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key contribution of humanistic theories to the field of psychology?

    <p>Theories that capitalize on subjective will, personal responsibility, and conscious choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criticism of humanistic theories?

    <p>They are too vague and untestable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key concept in Carl Rogers' theory of personality?

    <p>The self as shaped by experience and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following therapies is NOT associated with humanistic theories?

    <p>Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common criticism of humanistic theories in terms of their view of society?

    <p>They view society as inherently bad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of Abraham Maslow's theory of personality?

    <p>The importance of self-actualization as a goal and process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key contribution of humanistic theories to the field of social care?

    <p>Development of more holistic approaches to social care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between humanistic theories and deterministic theories of personality?

    <p>Humanistic theories are more focused on the role of free will, while deterministic theories are more focused on the role of external factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lecture Series Overview

    • This lecture series covers personality, with 6 lectures on different approaches to personality
    • The approaches covered include psychoanalytic, psychodynamic, humanistic, existential, cognitive, behavioral, psychobiological, and lexical approaches

    Definition of Personality

    • Multiple definitions of personality from various psychologists, including James, Freud, Jung, Rogers, and Maslow
    • Definitions include the end product of psychosexual development, a blend of archetypal patterns and material in the personal unconscious, and the self plus experience and the goal and process of self-actualization

    Learning Objectives

    • Understand the philosophical foundations of humanist and existentialist accounts of the self
    • Understand the key principles of humanist and existentialist accounts of the self
    • Understand the relevance of humanist and existentialist accounts of the self to personality psychology
    • Be able to identify key differences between humanist and existential accounts of personality

    Philosophical Foundations

    Phenomenology

    • A primarily European philosophical stance focused on human experience
    • Key figures include Husserl and Heidegger
    • Focus on human experience, consciousness, and the nature of existence

    Shared Assumptions

    • Human experience is a process that is more than the sum of its parts
    • Experience is primary and cannot be discovered using science
    • Individuals are free, responsible, self-determining agents
    • Against biological reductionism, emphasizing a holistic approach

    Key Concepts: Existentialism

    • Embracing the challenges of existence and confronting fears
    • Personal growth and taking responsibility for choices
    • Now and here, being fully present in the moment
    • Personal freedom and autonomy in shaping one's life

    Key Concepts: Humanism

    • Personal growth and realizing full potential
    • Valuing and embracing subjective experiences
    • Emphasizing the uniqueness of individual experiences
    • Fostering an optimistic view of human nature and potential

    Key Differences: Existentialism and Humanism

    • Existentialism emphasizes confronting fears and anxiety, while humanism emphasizes realizing full potential
    • Existentialism focuses on embracing the present moment, while humanism focuses on valuing subjective experiences
    • Existentialism emphasizes personal responsibility, while humanism emphasizes personal growth and autonomy

    Contributions of Existentialism and Humanism

    • First holistic personality and psychological theories
    • First theories to emphasize subjective will, personal responsibility, and conscious choice
    • Non-deterministic theories of personality
    • Contributions to positive psychology, transpersonal psychology, and holistic approaches to medicine
    • Contributions to social care systems, humanitarian interventions, and treatment of substance abuse and relational problems

    Criticism

    • Society is seen as bad, individuals are good, but this may be overly simplistic
    • Theories rely too heavily on self-reported conscious experience and introspection
    • Methodology is often too vague, unscientific, and untestable
    • Theories lack falsifiability and function mainly as life guides

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    PSYC1001 2024 Lecture 3 Personality PDF

    Description

    Lecture series covering various approaches to personality psychology, including psychoanalytic, humanistic, cognitive, and psychobiological approaches.

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