Psyc Personality Short Answer Questions

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

How does a person's environment primarily influence their personality?

  • By influencing the rate of neurogenesis.
  • By having no significant effect if the person's childhood was consistent.
  • By shaping their behaviors, values, and beliefs. (correct)
  • By altering their genetic predispositions.

What is the main issue caused by the acquiescence response set in survey research?

  • It decreases the statistical power of the study.
  • It makes participants feel more engaged in the study.
  • It increases the likelihood of participants understanding all questions.
  • It results in data that does not accurately reflect true beliefs. (correct)

Which of these is NOT a recommended method for mitigating the acquiescence response set?

  • Varying the phrasing of the questions.
  • Clear instruction to encourage engagement.
  • Using reverse-coded questions in your survey.
  • Using only positively worded questions. (correct)

What is a primary advantage of utilizing archival data sources in research?

<p>Provides access to pre-existing large datasets, reducing the researchers' workload. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why would a researcher choose to utilize archival data over conducting a new survey?

<p>To study trends over time and large-scale phenomena. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a meta-analysis?

<p>To synthesize existing research findings and identify overarching patterns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a meta-analysis contribute to the verification of scientific outcomes?

<p>By increasing statistical power and generalizability of findings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the example provided, why might a person's personality change after moving to a new city?

<p>Because the different environment shapes new behaviors, values, and beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of relying solely on self-report questionnaires to assess personality?

<p>It lacks validity due to social desirability and other biases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a researcher is looking to study the evolution of a particular cultural trend over several decades, which research method would likely be most advantageous?

<p>Analyzing archival sources such as newspapers and federal databases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason that openness to experience is considered the least intuitive trait of the Big Five?

<p>It encompasses a wide range of abstract characteristics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a facet associated with openness to experience?

<p>Organizational Skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might siblings differ in their nonshared environments?

<p>Through pursuing different interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dimension is primarily assessed by the concept of openness to experience?

<p>Intellectual and cultural exploration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT typically associated with openness?

<p>Conformity to traditional norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might openness to experience be difficult to identify in others?

<p>It relates to internal thoughts and preferences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of nonshared environments between siblings?

<p>One sibling has experiences unique to their educational path. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic demonstrates openness to experience?

<p>Preference for various artistic styles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of openness makes it challenging to define compared to other personality traits?

<p>It includes diverse and abstract characteristics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can behavioral flexibility be interpreted within the openness to experience trait?

<p>As a willingness to explore new situations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a nonshared environment that may influence sibling behavior?

<p>Forming relationships with different social circles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason that makes the trait of openness to experience less intuitive than other traits in the Big Five?

<p>It is more abstract and multifaceted. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which facet is NOT associated with the openness to experience personality trait?

<p>Conscientiousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of behavioral flexibility relate to openness to experience?

<p>It suggests comfort with change and new experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the characteristic of 'vivid fantasy life' as related to openness?

<p>The ability to engage deeply with creative narratives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of openness can make it harder to observe in individuals?

<p>It is primarily related to internal thoughts and preferences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events might exemplify a significant experience that influences one sibling's identity over the other's?

<p>Moving to a different country for studies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about openness to experience is accurate?

<p>It includes a range of characteristics, making it complex to define. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an underlying quality of individuals who score high on openness to experience?

<p>They display a strong curiosity towards new experiences and ideas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is artistic sensitivity characterized in relation to the openness trait?

<p>An appreciation for the nuances of creativity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does moving to a larger city like Toronto potentially influence one's personality compared to living in a small town?

<p>It fosters adaptability to diverse cultures and lifestyles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major consequence of the acquiescence response set during survey research?

<p>It skews the data and compromises validity of results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following presents a distinct advantage of utilizing archival data sources in research?

<p>It offers a cost-effective approach to large datasets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of research methodology, what is the defining characteristic of a meta-analysis?

<p>It synthesizes results from multiple studies to identify general patterns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might reverse-coded questions be included in a survey?

<p>To counteract the tendency to agree with almost every statement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does exposure to different cultures play in shaping personality according to environmental influences?

<p>It fosters flexibility and an appreciation for diversity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary risk associated with forgotten or misunderstood survey questions?

<p>They may result in inaccurate data reflecting participants' beliefs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does participant bias differ when using archival data compared to new surveys?

<p>Archival data may reduce participant bias since it isn't collected for the study. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a meta-analysis have on the reliability of scientific findings?

<p>It strengthens the reliability and generalizability across studies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is primarily responsible for enhanced adaptability to a new environment?

<p>Exposure to a diverse range of experiences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Acquiescence Response Set

Tendency for participants to agree with statements on a questionnaire regardless of content, often due to wanting to please or appear agreeable.

Meta-Analysis

Combining data from multiple studies to identify overarching patterns and enhance the strength and reliability of findings.

Archival Data

Gathering data from pre-existing sources like Facebook posts, newspapers, or government databases.

Environmental Influence on Personality

How environment shapes personality by exposing individuals to different experiences and influences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Longitudinal Study

The ability to analyze trends over time using data collected at different points in history.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Generalizability (of Findings)

A study's finding can be generalized to a larger population beyond the participants studied.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Verifying Scientific Outcomes

A key aspect of research where findings must be consistent and reliable across different studies and contexts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Combating Acquiescence Response Set

Using reverse-coded questions, varied wording, and clear instructions to reduce the bias caused by the acquiescence response set.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reduced Participant Bias

Reducing the risk of participant bias in a study by using data that was not specifically collected for the research.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Advantages of Archival Data

Large quantities of data can be analyzed to identify patterns and trends, saving time and resources compared to collecting new data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Meta-analysis: Combining Evidence

A research strategy that combines findings from multiple studies to reach a stronger conclusion. This method helps to reduce the impact of individual study biases and strengthens the validity of scientific findings.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nonshared Environments

Factors in the environment that influence a person's development but differ between siblings.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nonshared Environment Example: Friend Groups

Unique experiences that shape a person's development, such as friendships, hobbies, or significant events.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nonshared Environment Example: Significant Events

Personal experiences that affect a person's development, like traveling or attending college, which are unique to one sibling.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nonshared Environment Example: Distinct Interests

Differences in sibling's interests and talents can also lead to different developmental paths.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Openness to Experience

One of the Big Five personality traits characterized by a curiosity for new experiences, intellectualism, and a creative imagination.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vivid Fantasy Life

One of the six facets of Openness to Experience, this facet describes a vivid and imaginative inner world.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Artistic Sensitivity

One of the six facets of Openness to Experience, this facet includes appreciating art, music, and other forms of beauty.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Deep Feelings

One of the six facets of Openness to Experience, this facet describes experiencing a wide range of emotions deeply and intensely.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Behavioral Flexibility (Adventurousness)

One of the six facets of Openness to Experience, this facet describes a willingness to try new things and embrace change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Generalizability

The extent to which the findings of a study can be applied to a broader population beyond the participants studied.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Meta-analysis?

Combining results from several studies to get a more accurate understanding of a topic. Imagine having a bunch of puzzle pieces, and meta-analysis helps put them all together to see the bigger picture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are Nonshared Environments?

Experiences and influences that are unique to one sibling, even though they share the same family environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Openness to Experience?

The personality trait that describes someone who is curious, imaginative, open to new experiences, and enjoys intellectual pursuits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Vivid Fantasy Life?

Part of Openness to Experience, this refers to having vivid imaginations and fantasies. Think of someone who loves to daydream or create stories.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Artistic Sensitivity?

Part of Openness to Experience, this refers to appreciating art, music, and other forms of beauty. It means being sensitive to the aesthetic qualities of things.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Deep Feelings?

Part of Openness to Experience, this means experiencing emotions intensely. Think of someone who feels things deeply and shows it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Behavioral Flexibility (Adventurousness)?

Part of Openness to Experience, it means being willing to try new things and embrace change. Think of someone who loves adventure and trying new things.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Intellectual Curiosity?

Part of Openness to Experience, this means being intellectually curious and wanting to learn new things. Think of someone who enjoys reading, learning, and exploring new ideas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are Unconventional Attitudes?

Part of Openness to Experience, this means having a different way of thinking or seeing the world. Think of someone who challenges conventional norms and thinks outside the box.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is Openness to Experience considered the 'least intuitive' Big Five trait?

Openness is often considered the least intuitive Big Five trait because it's not as easy to see in someone's behavior as other traits like Extraversion. It's more about someone's inner world, and it involves many different aspects, making it harder to define clearly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Personality and Environment

  • Personality is shaped by environmental exposure, influencing behaviors, values, and beliefs.
  • Moving to a new environment (e.g., city) can lead to adapting to a new lifestyle and interacting with diverse cultures.
  • Remaining in a familiar environment can reinforce existing ways of thinking.
  • Environmental differences lead to distinct life experiences, impacting personality shifts.

Acquiescence Response Bias

  • Acquiescence response bias is the tendency to agree with survey statements, regardless of content.
  • This is often driven by a desire to please or appear agreeable, skewing data.
  • This bias reduces data validity, as responses may not reflect true beliefs or behaviors.
  • Potential causes include lack of attention, social desirability, or misunderstanding questions.
  • Mitigating strategies include reverse-coded questions, varied phrasing, and clear instructions.

Archival Data Advantages

  • Utilizing archival data (e.g., Facebook, newspapers, federal databases) offers access to large, pre-existing datasets.
  • This saves researchers time and effort.
  • Longitudinal studies and trend analysis are facilitated.
  • Reduced participant bias, as the data wasn't collected specifically for the study.
  • Valuable for studying historical, societal, or large-scale phenomena.

Meta-Analysis

  • Combines data from multiple studies to identify overarching patterns, increasing statistical power.
  • Addresses inconsistencies within individual studies, improving reliability and generalizability.
  • Helps validate scientific conclusions using aggregated evidence.

Nonshared Environments (Siblings)

  • Nonshared environments lead to differences in sibling experiences, influencing their individual development.
  • This includes forming different friend groups, experiencing unique events (e.g., travel, education), and pursuing varied interests.
  • The differences in experiences contribute to individual development, personality, and identity.

Openness to Experience (Big Five)

  • Openness to experience is one of the five main personality traits, encompassing creativity, imagination, intellectual curiosity, aesthetic sensitivity, and a preference for novelty.
  • Openness is less straightforward to observe compared to other traits like extraversion.
  • Openness encompasses diverse facets like vivid fantasy, artistic sensitivity, deep feelings, behavioral flexibility, intellectual curiosity, and unconventional attitudes.
  • Openness is considered less "intuitive" due to its abstract, multifaceted nature compared to other, more easily visualized traits, such as extraversion or agreeableness.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Written Q. PDF

More Like This

Person-Environment Transactions Quiz
18 questions
Psychology: Environment and Development
40 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser