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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in the proper donning of gloves?
Which area of PPE is considered contaminated?
When should gloves be donned in the PPE sequence?
What is the first step in the sequence for safely removing PPE?
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Which of the following can help prevent contamination during the PPE process?
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What should be donned first when putting on personal protective equipment (PPE)?
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Why is it important to remove PPE carefully?
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What is the correct sequence for donning PPE?
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What action should be taken immediately after removing PPE?
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When should PPE be donned?
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Wearing gloves provides a barrier to protect your hands.
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Face shields provide protection from splashes and respiratory droplets.
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The gown's opening should be in the front when properly donned.
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Face shields should only cover the chin and not the forehead.
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Healthcare workers must undergo medical evaluation before using respirators.
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A properly fit-tested respirator should create a loose fit around the face.
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Eye and face protection should be donned after all other PPE.
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Fit testing for respirators is unnecessary and not required.
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Adjusting the flexible nose piece is important for a mask to fit snugly.
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Respiratory PPE helps protect against inhaling infectious aerosols.
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Common glove materials used in healthcare settings include vinyl, latex, and __________.
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Gowns and aprons are worn to protect the wearer's body and clothing from contamination with blood, body fluids, and other __________ materials.
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Masks are essential for protecting the nose and mouth from fluid __________.
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Proper donning, use, and __________ of personal protective equipment is crucial to maintaining worker and patient safety.
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Goggles are used to protect the eyes from __________, sprays, and other hazards.
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In healthcare settings, PPE is crucial for protecting staff and patients from the spread of ______.
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Gowns and aprons are made of fluid-resistant material to protect against splashes and sprays of ______ or body fluids.
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Masks and respirators protect the mouth and nose from respiratory ______ that may contain infectious agents.
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Gloves are either ______ or non-sterile, depending on the specific task they are used for.
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Eye and face protection, such as goggles and face shields, create a physical barrier against exposure to ______ and airborne particles.
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Study Notes
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
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Gloves:
- Donning: Select appropriate size and type, extend over gown cuffs; last step in donning sequence.
- Removing: Peel off one glove inside-out, repeat with another.
- Clean vs. Contaminated Areas: Outside front is contaminated, inside/back and ties are clean.
- Materials: Vinyl, latex, or nitrile.
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Do's & Don'ts:
- Change gloves if torn/soiled.
- Change gloves for each patient.
- Never wash/reuse disposable gloves.
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Gowns/Aprons:
- Purpose: Protect clothing and skin from contamination.
- Materials: Natural/synthetic, reusable/disposable, resist fluid penetration.
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Face Protection:
- Masks: Cover nose/mouth, create seal.
- Goggles: Protect eyes from splashes/sprays, fit snugly, personal glasses are not adequate.
Donning & Removing PPE
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Donning:
- Sequence: Gown, mask/respirator, goggles/face shield, gloves.
- Gloves: Don last to maintain integrity of other PPE.
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Removing:
- Sequence: Gloves, face shield/goggles, gown/apron, mask/respirator.
- Gloves: Remove inside out to avoid contamination.
- Hand Hygiene: Perform immediately after removing PPE, using soap/water or alcohol-based hand rub.
Key Precautions
- Don PPE: Before entering patient's room.
- Remove PPE: At the doorway or outside the room to prevent spreading contaminants.
- Respirators: Must be trained on use, limitations, and maintenance; perform seal checks before each use.
Face Protection
- Face shields protect the face, including eyes, nose, and mouth, from splashes, sprays, and respiratory droplets.
- Face shields should cover the forehead, extend below the chin, and wrap around the sides of the face.
- Face shields should fit securely on the head and not interfere with vision or movement.
- Adjustable straps or bands help ensure a comfortable and secure fit.
- Face shields can be cleaned and reused following manufacturer instructions.
- Proper cleaning and disinfection protocols ensure the shield remains effective and safe for repeated use.
Respiratory Protection
- Respiratory protection is essential to protect healthcare workers from inhaling infectious aerosols.
- Respiratory PPE includes particulate respirators, half- or full-face elastomeric respirators, and powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs).
- The selection and use of respiratory PPE is critical for the safety of healthcare workers when treating patients with airborne infectious diseases.
Respiratory Protection Program
- Healthcare workers using respirators must undergo a medical evaluation to ensure they are physically able to use the equipment without risk to their health.
- This includes assessing any pre-existing conditions that could be exacerbated by respirator use.
- Proper fit is essential for respirators to function effectively.
- Fit testing determines the right size and model of respirator for each individual user, ensuring a tight seal and maximum protection.
Donning PPE
- Gloves create a barrier to protect hands and prevent the spread of contaminants from hands to other parts of the body or the environment.
- Donning gloves last in the PPE sequence helps maintain the integrity of other PPE elements.
- To properly don a gown, select the appropriate type and size with the opening in the back.
- Secure the gown at the neck and waist to ensure it fully covers the torso.
- If the gown is too small, use two gowns – one that ties in the front and another that ties in the back.
- To properly don a face mask, place it over the nose, mouth, and chin, ensuring a snug fit.
- Secure the mask on the head using the ties or elastic bands.
- Adjust the flexible nose piece to contour the bridge of the nose, creating a tight seal.
- To properly don a particulate respirator, select a respirator that has been properly fit-tested.
- Place the respirator over the nose, mouth, and chin, ensuring the flexible nose piece is firmly fitted over the bridge of the nose.
- Secure the respirator in place by looping the elastic straps over the back of the head.
- Adjust the fit to create a tight seal around the face.
- Perform a user seal check by inhaling and ensuring the respirator collapses, then exhaling and checking for any leaks around the edges.
- To properly don eye and face protection, position the goggles over the eyes and secure them to the head using the earpieces or headband.
- Place the face shield over the face and secure it on the brow with the headband, adjusting it to fit comfortably.
Removing PPE
- Understanding the contaminated and clean areas of PPE is crucial for healthcare workers to properly don, use, and remove their protective equipment without inadvertently spreading pathogens.
- The outside front of PPE is considered the "contaminated" area, as it has likely been in contact with body fluids, materials, or environmental surfaces where infectious organisms may reside.
- The inside, outside back, and tie areas of PPE are considered the "clean" areas.
- These are the parts of the PPE that are not likely to have been in contact with infectious agents and can be handled more safely during donning, use, and removal.
- Remove gloves first, being careful not to contaminate hands.
- Grasp the outside of one glove at the wrist and peel it off, allowing it to turn inside out as you remove it.
- Repeat with the other hand.
- Remove the face shield or goggles by grasping the sides or back and gently lifting it away from the face, avoiding touching the front surface.
- Untie the gown strings or unfasten the closures, and peel the gown away from the body, rolling it inside-out as you remove it.
- Avoid touching the outer surface.
- Remove the mask or respirator by grasping the ties or elastic bands at the back of the head and gently lifting it away from the face, avoiding touching the front surface.
- Remove PPE at the doorway, before leaving the patient's room to prevent contamination from spreading outside the room.
- If available, remove PPE in the anteroom, a small room between the patient's room and the hallway, providing a designated area to safely take off contaminated equipment.
- Make sure hand hygiene facilities like sinks or alcohol-based hand rubs are available at the point where you remove PPE.
- This allows you to clean your hands immediately after taking off contaminated items.
- To safely remove goggles or a face shield, first grasp the ear or head pieces with your ungloved hands.
- Gently lift the eye protection away from your face, taking care not to touch the front surface.
- Place the used goggles or face shield in the designated receptacle for reprocessing or disposal.
- To safely remove a face mask, start by untying the bottom tie, then the top tie.
- Gently lift the mask away from the face, avoiding touching the front of the mask.
- Discard the used mask properly in a designated waste container.
- To safely remove a particulate respirator, lift the bottom elastic strap over your head, then lift off the top elastic strap.
- Discard the used respirator properly in a designated waste container.
Removing Gloves
- Grasp the outside edge of the glove near the wrist.
- Peel the glove away from your hand, turning it inside-out as you remove it.
- Hold the removed glove in your other gloved hand.
- Slide an ungloved finger under the wrist of the remaining glove.
- Gently peel the glove off by pulling it inside-out, creating a bag to contain both gloves.
- Discard the gloves properly in a designated waste container.
Removing Isolation Gown
- Unfasten the ties or fasteners on the isolation gown.
- Slowly peel the gown away from your neck and shoulders, ensuring the contaminated outside of the gown is turned inward.
- Once the gown is removed, fold or roll it into a bundle, keeping the contaminated outside inward.
- Carefully discard the rolled-up or folded gown in the appropriate waste container.
PPE in Healthcare
- Goal of PPE is to improve personnel safety, reduce occupational risks and promote compliance and best practices
- PPE consists of specialized clothing, equipment and accessories worn to protect employees from infectious materials
- PPE in healthcare settings is essential to protect staff and patients from the spread of infectious diseases
- Healthcare workers must wear appropriate PPE when in contact with patients or handling contaminated materials
Types of PPE used in Healthcare
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Gloves: Protect hands from exposure to hazardous materials, contaminated surfaces and infectious agents.
- Types: Sterile and Non-sterile
- Materials: Vinyl, Latex and Nitrile
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Gowns and Aprons: Protect the skin and clothing of healthcare workers from becoming contaminated.
- Material Considerations: Fluid-resistant material, reusability and sterilisation.
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Masks and Respirators: Protect the mouth and nose, preventing the spread of respiratory droplets.
- Masks: Should fully cover the mouth and nose and create a seal.
- Respirators: Provide a higher level of protection against airborne infections.
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Eye Protection and Face Protection: Safeguard the eyes, face and mouth from splashes, sprays and airborne particles.
Factors Influencing PPE Selection
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Type of Exposure: The specific type of exposure will determine the most appropriate PPE.
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Durability and Suitability: PPE should be chosen based on its durability and appropriateness for the specific task.
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Fit: PPE must fit correctly to provide effective protection
Glove Usage
- Purpose: To protect the wearer's hands from exposure to infectious materials, chemicals or other hazards.
- Sterile or Non-sterile: Sterile gloves are used during surgical procedures, while non-sterile gloves are typically used for other patient care activities.
- Materials: Common glove materials used in healthcare settings include vinyl, latex and nitrile.
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Do's and Don't's:
- Do: Work from "Clean to Dirty", change gloves if torn or heavily soiled, change gloves after use on each patient.
- Don't: Never wash or reuse disposable gloves, touch your face, adjust PPE, or contact environmental surfaces with contaminated gloves.
Gown and Apron Use
- Purpose: To protect the wearer's body and clothing from contamination with blood, body fluids and other potentially infectious materials.
- Material Considerations: Gowns and aprons can be made from natural or synthetic materials, and can be reusable or disposable.
Face Protection
- Masks: Should fully cover the nose and mouth and create a seal.
- Goggles: Should fit snugly around the eyes.
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Face Shields: Must be properly fitted to provide coverage and protection.
- Cleaning and Reuse: Can often be cleaned and reused, following the manufacturer's instructions.
- Proper Cleaning and Disinfection: Should be followed to ensure the shield remains effective and safe for repeated use.
Respiratory Protection
- Purpose: Respiratory protection is essential to protect healthcare workers from inhaling infectious aerosols.
- Types of Respiratory PPE: Particulate respirators, half-or full-face elastomeric respirators, and powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs).
- Respiratory PPE in Healthcare: Critical for treating patients with airborne infectious diseases.
Respiratory Protection Program
- Medical Evaluation: Healthcare workers using respirators must undergo a medical evaluation to ensure they are physically able to use the equipment without risk to their health.
- Fit Testing: Fit testing determines the right size and model of respirator for each individual user, ensuring a tight seal and maximum protection.
Donning PPE
- Gloves: should be donned last.
- Gowns: Should properly cover the torso and secured at the neck and waist.
- Masks: Should fully cover the nose, mouth and chin, and should be secured using ties or elastic bands.
- Particulate Respirators: Should be properly fit-tested and secured in place using elastic straps.
- ** Eye Protection:** Goggles should be secured with the ear pieces or headband.
- Face Shields: Should be placed over the face and secured with the headband.
Removing PPE
- Location: Remove PPE at the doorway before leaving the patient's room, or in the anteroom if available.
- Hand Hygiene: Hand hygiene facilities should be available at the point where you remove PPE.
- Gloves: Should be removed inside-out and disposed of properly.
- Gowns: Untie the gown strings or unfasten the closures and peel it away, rolling inside-out as it is removed.
- Masks and Respirators: Grasp the ties or elastic bands and remove them.
- Goggles and Face Shields: Should be grasped with ungloved hands and lifted away from the face, avoiding touching the contaminated front surface.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) including gloves, gowns, and face protection. This quiz covers proper donning and removing techniques as well as essential do's and don'ts when working with PPE. Make sure you’re prepared to keep yourself and others safe in potentially contaminated environments.
