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Questions and Answers
All biological waste, except urine, must be placed in appropriate containers labelled with the __________ symbol.
All biological waste, except urine, must be placed in appropriate containers labelled with the __________ symbol.
biohazard
The waste is then decontaminated following institutional policy: incineration, autoclaving, or pickup by a certified __________ waste company.
The waste is then decontaminated following institutional policy: incineration, autoclaving, or pickup by a certified __________ waste company.
hazardous
Urine may be discarded by pouring it into a laboratory sink. Disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium __________ should be performed daily.
Urine may be discarded by pouring it into a laboratory sink. Disinfection of the sink using a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium __________ should be performed daily.
hypochlorite
Sharp objects in the laboratory - needles, lancets, and broken glassware. Sharps must be disposed in puncture-resistant __________.
Sharp objects in the laboratory - needles, lancets, and broken glassware. Sharps must be disposed in puncture-resistant __________.
Chemical Spills: Flush the area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and then seek __________ attention.
Chemical Spills: Flush the area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and then seek __________ attention.
Chemical Handling: Acid should always be added to __________.
Chemical Handling: Acid should always be added to __________.
_____, gowns, masks, face shields, goggles, respirators are examples of Personal Protective Equipment.
_____, gowns, masks, face shields, goggles, respirators are examples of Personal Protective Equipment.
WHO introduced the 5 Moments approach for hand hygiene: 1.before touching a patient, 2.before clean/aseptic procedures, 3.after body fluid exposure risk, 4.after touching a patient, and 5._____.
WHO introduced the 5 Moments approach for hand hygiene: 1.before touching a patient, 2.before clean/aseptic procedures, 3.after body fluid exposure risk, 4.after touching a patient, and 5._____.
Donning sequence of PPE according to CDC: 1.Gown 2.Mask or Respirator 3.Goggles or Face Shield 4._____.
Donning sequence of PPE according to CDC: 1.Gown 2.Mask or Respirator 3.Goggles or Face Shield 4._____.
Doffing sequence of PPE according to CDC: 1._____. 2.Goggles or Face Shield 3.Gown 4.Mask or Respirator
Doffing sequence of PPE according to CDC: 1._____. 2.Goggles or Face Shield 3.Gown 4.Mask or Respirator
Biologic, Sharp, Chemical, Radioactive, Electrical, and Fire/Explosive hazards are examples of hazards in the healthcare setting. One of the hazards is _____ hazards.
Biologic, Sharp, Chemical, Radioactive, Electrical, and Fire/Explosive hazards are examples of hazards in the healthcare setting. One of the hazards is _____ hazards.
In 1996 the CDC and HICPAC combined the major features of Universal Precautions (UP) and Body Substance Isolation (BSI) guidelines and called the new guidelines _____.
In 1996 the CDC and HICPAC combined the major features of Universal Precautions (UP) and Body Substance Isolation (BSI) guidelines and called the new guidelines _____.
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
Aim at the base of the fire. Squeeze handles. Sweep nozzle side to side. PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend the knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area. Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort. REFERENCES: Ebuen, B.U. et al. (2019). Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 2. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City McCall, R.E, & Tankersley, C.M. (2012). Phlebotomy Essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Strasinger, Susan King (2001). Urinalysis and Body Fluids. 5TH ed. F.A. Davis & Co., Philadelphia WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary video https://youtu.be/xjwTwsN1hnU?t=215 https://youtu.be/VRWRmIEHr3A?t=138
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Study Notes
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Gloves, gowns, masks, face shields, goggles, respirators are used to prevent infection
- CDC and HICPAC guidelines for donning and doffing of PPE:
- Donning: Gown, Mask or Respirator, Goggles or Face Shield, Gloves
- Doffing: Gloves, Goggles or Face Shield, Gown, Mask or Respirator
Hazards in the Healthcare Setting
- Biologic hazards: blood-borne pathogens, body fluids, and moist body substances
- Sharp hazards: needles, lancets, broken glassware
- Chemical hazards: chemical spills, handling of acids
- Radioactive hazards
- Electrical hazards
- Fire/Explosive hazards
Biologic Hazards
- Universal Precautions (UP) introduced in 1987 by CDC
- Body Substance Isolation (BSI) guidelines: consider all body fluids and moist body substances as potentially infectious
- Standard Precautions (1996) combine UP and BSI guidelines
- Standard Precautions include: Hand hygiene, Gloves, Mask, eye protection, and face shield, Gown, Patient care equipment, Environmental control, Linen, Occupational health and blood-borne pathogens, Patient placement
Biologic Waste Disposal
- All biological waste (except urine) must be placed in containers labeled with the biohazard symbol
- Urine can be discarded by pouring into a laboratory sink, followed by disinfection with a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite
Sharp Hazards
- Sharps must be disposed in puncture-resistant containers
Chemical Hazards
- Chemical spills: flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, then seek medical attention
- Proper use of emergency showers and eye wash stations
- Chemical handling: acid should be added to water, wear goggles, and prepare reagents under a fume hood
- Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) details: appropriate work practices, standard operating procedures, PPE, engineering controls, employee training requirements
Physical Hazards
- Avoid running in rooms and hallways, watch for wet floors, bend knees when lifting heavy objects, keep long hair pulled back, avoid dangling jewelry, and maintain a clean, organized work area
- Closed-toe shoes that provide maximum support are essential for safety and comfort
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