Perry Maternal Child Nursing Care 7th Edition Chapter 33: Preschooler and Family Key Points

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Questions and Answers

What can help prevent and treat common sleep problems and night wakings experienced by young children?

Inconsistent bedtime and nap schedule

Reducing active play during waking hours

Consistent bedtime routine (correct)

Frequent daytime naps

Which factor tends to increase aggressive behavior in preschoolers according to the text?

Praise

Patience

Kindness

Gender (correct)

What is a risk factor that may predispose children to physical abuse?

Playing outdoors

Regular medical check-ups

Parental, child, and environmental characteristics (correct)

Consuming fruits and vegetables

What is the chief psychosocial task of the preschooler according to Erikson?

Acquiring a sense of initiative Signup and view all the answers

What is a common form of sexual abuse mentioned in the text?

Incest Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior modeling does the text suggest tends to increase aggressive behavior in preschoolers?

Imitation of aggressive actions Signup and view all the answers

In Piaget's theory, what type of thinking characterizes the preschool age?

Intuitive (or prelogical) thinking Signup and view all the answers

What marks the beginning of the development of the superego in preschoolers?

Emergence of conscience Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended approach for preventing child maltreatment according to the text?

Encouraging parent-child bonding Signup and view all the answers

At what stage do children in Kohlberg's theory move from a punishment and obedience orientation?

Naive instrumental orientation Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of young children's understanding of spirituality?

Influenced by their cognitive level Signup and view all the answers

Which area of development includes further separation-individuation and more sophisticated language in preschoolers?

Social development Signup and view all the answers

At what age do preschoolers typically enjoy associative play?

2 ½ to 3 years old Signup and view all the answers

When do preschoolers typically develop imaginary companions?

Between ages 2 ½ and 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is one purpose served by imaginary companions according to the text?

To help children deal with loneliness Signup and view all the answers

What areas of concern for parents are related to growth and development, according to the text?

Preschool and kindergarten experience Signup and view all the answers

What should parents consider when selecting an early learning program according to the text?

Discipline policy, staff-to-student ratio, and environmental safety precautions Signup and view all the answers

What are two rules that govern how parents should answer questions about sensitive issues according to the text?

Find out what the child knows and thinks, and be honest Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sleep Problems and Prevention

Establishing a bedtime routine, creating a sleep-conducive environment, and avoiding stimulating activities before bedtime can help prevent and treat common sleep problems and night wakings in young children.

Factors Influencing Aggressive Behavior

Physical punishment tends to increase aggressive behavior in preschoolers.
Modeling aggressive behavior also increases aggressive behavior in preschoolers.

Risk Factors for Child Abuse

Physical punishment may predispose children to physical abuse.

Psychosocial Development

The chief psychosocial task of the preschooler, according to Erikson, is to develop initiative versus guilt.

Sexual Abuse

One common form of sexual abuse mentioned in the text is fondling.

Cognitive Development

In Piaget's theory, preoperational thinking characterizes the preschool age.
The development of the superego in preschoolers begins when they start to internalize moral standards and values.

Preventing Child Maltreatment

A recommended approach for preventing child maltreatment is to educate parents about child development and provide them with parenting skills and support.

Moral Development

In Kohlberg's theory, children move from a punishment and obedience orientation to a more conventional moral understanding around age 5-6.

Spiritual Development

Young children's understanding of spirituality is characterized by a focus on rote rituals and practices.

The preschool age is marked by further separation-individuation and more sophisticated language development.
Preschoolers typically enjoy associative play around age 3-4.
Imaginary companions typically develop around age 3-4.
Imaginary companions serve the purpose of providing a sense of comfort and companionship.

Parenting Concerns and Early Learning

Parents should consider factors such as the program's philosophy, teacher qualifications, and opportunities for parent involvement when selecting an early learning program.
Parents should answer questions about sensitive issues honestly and openly, while also taking into account their child's level of understanding and emotional readiness.
Two rules that govern how parents should answer questions about sensitive issues are to be honest and to be aware of their child's emotional readiness.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the biologic and psychosocial development of preschoolers according to Perry's Maternal Child Nursing Care 7th Edition Chapter 33. Topics include physical milestones, psychosocial tasks according to Erikson, and development of the superego.