Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following conditions can lead to peritonitis?
Which of the following conditions can lead to peritonitis?
- Kidney stones
- Gastroenteritis
- Pneumonia
- Ruptured appendix (correct)
What is a characteristic sign or symptom of peritonitis?
What is a characteristic sign or symptom of peritonitis?
- Increased bowel sounds
- Board-like abdomen (correct)
- Decreased heart rate
- Diarrhea
Which of the following is a diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate peritonitis?
Which of the following is a diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate peritonitis?
- Lumbar puncture
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Computed tomography (CT) scan (correct)
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
What is a potential complication of peritonitis?
What is a potential complication of peritonitis?
What is a crucial aspect of nursing management for a patient with peritonitis?
What is a crucial aspect of nursing management for a patient with peritonitis?
Flashcards
Peritonitis
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum caused by various factors like ruptured appendicitis or perforated ulcers.
Signs of Peritonitis
Signs of Peritonitis
Diffuse abdominal pain, guarding, rigidity, nausea, vomiting, diminished bowel sounds, and fever.
Diagnostics for Peritonitis
Diagnostics for Peritonitis
Includes CBC, abdominal X-ray, CT scan, and peritoneal aspiration to identify the cause.
Complications of Peritonitis
Complications of Peritonitis
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Medical Management of Peritonitis
Medical Management of Peritonitis
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Study Notes
Peritonitis
- Inflammation of the peritoneum, caused by:
- Ruptured appendicitis
- Perforated peptic ulcer
- Diverticulitis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- UTI or trauma
Signs and Symptoms
- Diffuse abdominal pain
- Abdominal guarding/rigidity ("boardlike" abdomen)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diminished bowel sounds
- Paralytic ileus
- Fever
- Signs of early shock: Increased heart rate (HR), increased respiratory rate (RR), decreased urine output
Diagnostic Tests
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Serum electrolytes
- Abdominal X-ray
- CT scan
- Peritoneal aspiration and cultures
Complications
- Sepsis
- Shock
Medical Management
- Fluid, colloid, and electrolyte replacement (IVF)
- Pharmacologic treatment:
- Analgesics
- Massive antibiotic therapy
- Oxygen therapy
- Surgery to drain infected material and correct the cause
Nursing Management
- Monitor vital signs (VS) regularly
- Proper positioning (e.g., fetal position)
- Care of drains (post-operative) and assessment of drainage characteristics
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