Peritonitis Quiz: Clinical Classification and Symptoms

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Questions and Answers

What are common causes of secondary peritonitis?

Meconium peritonitis

Infections from blood and lymph nodes

Digestive diseases like Crohn's disease (correct)

Barium in the abdomen

What characterizes primary peritonitis?

Rare occurrence only in ascites patients

Presence of purulent exudate in the abdominal cavity

Spread of infection from blood to peritoneum (correct)

Caused by bile or pancreatic enzymes

How is secondary peritonitis defined?

Primary occurrence in ascites patients

Spread of infection from lymph nodes to blood

Caused by bile or pancreatic enzymes

Presence of purulent exudate in the abdominal cavity with an enteric source (correct)

Which classification system categorizes peritonitis into primary and secondary types?

Classification1 and classification2 Signup and view all the answers

What causes a good environment for bacteria growth in primary peritonitis?

Ascites in the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of exudate classified in peritonitis?

Serous peritonitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximal manifestation of local signs of peritonitis in the initial (reactive) stage?

Encapsulated abscess Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of peritonitis involves often irreversible intoxication with vital function decompensation?

Terminal stage Signup and view all the answers

Peritonitis caused by leakage of abdominal organ contents due to inflammation or infection results in:

Paralytic ileus Signup and view all the answers

What shift in fluid volume occurs in peritonitis as described in the text?

Fluid volume shift from IVC to peritoneal space Signup and view all the answers

Which manifestation results in multiple organ failure and death in peritonitis?

Increased O2 requirement due to pressure on diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What kind of peritonitis requires abdominal wash as mentioned in the text?

Secondary peritonitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of peritonitis as described in the text?

Bacterial infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the peritoneum?

A connective tissue covered by mesothelium Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes primary peritonitis from secondary peritonitis?

Primary peritonitis results from bacterial infection, while secondary peritonitis is due to injury. Signup and view all the answers

Which group includes organs that are classified as extraperitoneal?

Kidneys and ureters Signup and view all the answers

In which layer of the abdomen does secondary peritonitis primarily occur?

Mesothelial layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria are commonly implicated in cases of peritonitis as listed in the text?

Escherichia coli and Proteus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Causes of Peritonitis

Secondary peritonitis is caused by leakage of abdominal organ contents due to inflammation or infection.
The main cause of peritonitis is bacterial infection.

Characteristics of Primary Peritonitis

Primary peritonitis is characterized by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) that occurs in the absence of an identifiable source of infection.
It is often associated with cirrhosis or other conditions that cause ascites.
A good environment for bacteria growth in primary peritonitis is the presence of ascites, especially in patients with cirrhosis.

Definition and Classification of Peritonitis

Secondary peritonitis is defined as peritonitis caused by a known intra-abdominal source of infection.
The classification system that categorizes peritonitis into primary and secondary types is based on the presence or absence of an identifiable intra-abdominal source of infection.

Characteristics of Exudate

Fibrinous exudate is a type of exudate classified in peritonitis.

Stages of Peritonitis

The maximal manifestation of local signs of peritonitis in the initial (reactive) stage is rebound tenderness.
The stage of peritonitis that involves often irreversible intoxication with vital function decompensation is the terminal stage.

Effects of Peritonitis

Peritonitis can cause a shift in fluid volume, leading to hypovolemia.
Multiple organ failure and death can result from severe peritonitis.
Abdominal washout may be required in cases of peritonitis caused by leakage of abdominal organ contents.

Anatomy of the Peritoneum

The peritoneum is a serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity.
The main site where secondary peritonitis primarily occurs is the intraperitoneal space.
Organs classified as extraperitoneal include the kidneys and ureters.

Microbiology of Peritonitis

Common bacteria implicated in cases of peritonitis include E. coli, Klebsiella, and Staphylococcus aureus.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the clinical classification of peritonitis based on the stages and extension of the inflammatory process. Explore topics including initial (reactive) stage, toxic stage, and terminal stage. Identify types of peritonitis such as local peritonitis (encapsulated and nonencapsulated) and general peritonitis (diffuse and total).