Peritoneum Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does retroperitoneal mean?

Located behind the peritoneum.

What does intraperitoneal mean?

Within the peritoneal cavity.

What does primarily retroperitoneal refer to?

Anterior surface only covered with peritoneum always.

What does secondarily retroperitoneal mean?

Began as intraperitoneal. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary retroperitoneal organ? (Select all that apply)

Adrenal gland Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a secondarily retroperitoneal organ? (Select all that apply)

Duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What is mesentery?

A fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mesocolon?

Anchors the colon to the posterior abdominal wall. Signup and view all the answers

What does the falciform ligament do?

Attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligamentum teres?

Remnant of the umbilical vein. Signup and view all the answers

Where are the coronary ligaments located?

Between the liver and diaphragm. Signup and view all the answers

What are triangular ligaments?

Formed at the apex of the coronary ligaments. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament connect?

The liver to the duodenum. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hepatogastric ligament connect?

The liver to the stomach. Signup and view all the answers

What forms the lesser omentum?

Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the greater omentum?

Part of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and colon, covering the intestines. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bare area of the liver?

Not covered by peritoneum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the epiploic foramen?

Opening to the lesser sac. Signup and view all the answers

What is the omental bursa?

Large portion of the greater omentum which drapes down over the intestines. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pyramidalis muscle?

A small muscle found on the inferior surface of the rectus abdominis muscle within rectus sheath. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Retroperitoneal and Intraperitoneal

Retroperitoneal: Refers to structures located behind the peritoneum, such as the kidney.
Intraperitoneal: Refers to structures situated within the peritoneal cavity, including the liver and stomach.

Types of Retroperitoneal Structures

Primarily Retroperitoneal: Organs that are always covered by the peritoneum on the anterior surface.
Secondarily Retroperitoneal: Organs that began as intraperitoneal but became retroperitoneal during development.

Organs by Retroperitoneal Classification

Primary Retroperitoneal Organs: Include the kidney, adrenal gland, ureter, aorta, inferior vena cava (IVC), lower esophagus, and upper rectum.
Secondarily Retroperitoneal Organs: Include the duodenum, pancreas, and ascending and descending colon.

Mesentery and Ligaments

Mesentery: A fused double layer of parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the abdominal wall; it connects organs to the body wall or to one another.
Mesocolon: An extension of the mesentery that anchors the colon to the posterior abdominal wall.

Ligaments Associated with the Liver

Falciform Ligament: Attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm; it is situated between the right and left lobes of the liver.
Ligamentum Teres: A remnant of the umbilical vein.
Coronary Ligaments: Connects the liver to the diaphragm.
Triangular Ligaments: Formed at the apex of the coronary ligaments.

Omenta and Bursa

Hepatoduodenal Ligament: Connects the liver to the duodenum.
Hepatogastric Ligament: Connects the liver to the stomach.
Lesser Omentum: Formed by the hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments.
Greater Omentum: A double layer of peritoneum that attaches to the stomach and colon, covering the intestines; also known as the "apron of fat."
Omental Bursa: A large portion of the greater omentum that drapes over the intestines.

Other Important Structures

Bare Area of Liver: The part of the liver not covered by peritoneum.
Epiploic Foramen: An opening leading to the lesser sac of the peritoneum.
Pyramidalis Muscle: A small muscle located on the inferior surface of the rectus abdominis; if present, originates from the pubic crest and inserts into the linea alba.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards about the peritoneum and its terminology. Each card covers important concepts like retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal definitions and examples. Perfect for students in anatomy or physiology courses.