34 Questions
What is the main function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
To carry impulses to and from the brain
Which division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is responsible for conveying impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS?
Somatic sensory division
What is the function of the Motor division in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Bring about motor responses in effector organs
Which type of fibers transmit impulses from visceral organs to the CNS in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Visceral sensory fibers
What distinguishes the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) from the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?
The ANS regulates involuntary body functions
Why is not all skeletal muscle activity controlled by the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) considered voluntary?
Because it involves subconscious reflex actions
What type of brain tumors are most common?
Gliomas
Which cell type plays a key role in circulating cerebrospinal fluid?
Ependymal cells
What function do astrocytes serve in relation to neurons?
Control the chemical environment
Which glial cell type wraps nerve fibers with myelin sheaths?
Oligodendrocytes
What is the primary role of microglia in the CNS?
Dispose of debris
Which glial cell type forms a living barrier between capillaries and neurons?
Astrocytes
What is the function of glutamate, GABA, dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and histamine in the nervous system?
They transmit messages between neurons or from neurons to muscles
What is the primary reason why blood-borne alcohol, nicotine, and anesthetics can affect the brain?
They are lipid-soluble molecules that effectively cross plasma membranes.
What is the function of the synaptic cleft?
It is where communication between two neurons takes place
Which region of the Spinal Cord is enlarged where nerves serving the upper and lower limbs leave?
Cervical region
Which type of cells myelinate axons outside the central nervous system?
Schwann cells
What type of responses does the neuron and synapse networks in the Spinal Cord produce to sensory stimulation?
Involuntary responses
What is the function of myelin sheath around nerve fibers?
Increase transmission of nerve impulses
What is the role of neurilemma (sheath of Schwann) in peripheral nerve fiber regeneration?
It plays an important role in fiber regeneration
Where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons located in the spinal cord?
Dorsal root ganglion
What are Nodes of Ranvier?
Gaps or indentations between Schwann cells
Which part of the gray matter in the spinal cord contains motor neurons of the somatic nervous system?
Anterior horns
What is the function of ascending tracts in the spinal cord?
Carry sensory input to the brain
What is the function of the olfactory nerve?
Carries impulses for the sense of smell
Which nerve supplies motor fibers to four of the six muscles that control eye movement?
Trochlear nerve
What is the main function of the trigeminal nerve?
Activates the chewing muscles
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is known as the 'fight-or-flight' system?
Sympathetic division
Where are the first neurons of the sympathetic division located?
In the gray matter of the spinal cord from T1 through L2
What type of fibers does the vestibulocochlear nerve mainly transmit?
Auditory impulses
Which nerve supplies motor fibers to activate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles?
Accessory nerve (Spinal)
What is the main function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Carry impulses from taste buds of posterior tongue
Which nerve carries both sensory impulses from skin of face and mucosa, and motor fibers that activate chewing muscles?
Trigeminal nerve
What function does the facial nerve mainly regulate?
Movements of facial expression muscles
Explore the components and functions of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), which includes cranial nerves and spinal nerves that transmit impulses between the CNS and different body parts. Learn about the PNS as the communication network essential for sensory reception and motor responses.
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