PNS 2
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Questions and Answers

Where is the autonomic ganglion localized in the autonomic nervous system?

  • In the spinal cord
  • In the brain
  • In the skeletal muscle
  • In the vertebra column (correct)

    • How many pairs of lumbar nerves are there in the spinal nerves anatomy?

  • 12 pairs
  • 5 pairs (correct)
  • 31 pairs
  • 8 pairs

    • What is the main difference between the somatic and autonomic efferent divisions in terms of the number of neurons involved?

  • One neuron in both divisions
  • Two neurons in both divisions
  • Two neurons in somatic, one neuron in autonomic
  • One neuron in somatic, two neurons in autonomic (correct)

    • Which type of muscle do the efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system target?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the first neuron (preganglionic fiber) located in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>In the lateral horn of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the spinal cord is responsible for localizing motor neurons in the somatic efferent division?

    <p>Ventral hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>The nature of effector organs targeted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the motor pathway different between somatic and autonomic efferent divisions?

    <p>Myelinated neuron in somatic, two neurons in autonomic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the body is Parasympathetic localized in?

    <p>Sacral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Ach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system described?

    <p>Short</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptors respond to adrenaline and noradrenaline?

    <p>Alpha and beta receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of innervation do most organs in the body have?

    <p>Dual innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the autonomic nervous system dominates under certain circumstances?

    <p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is released by the postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Noradrenaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interaction results from the binding of Ach to nicotinic receptors?

    <p>Depolarization of postsynaptic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the terminal ganglia in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Near the organ they innervate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Ach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the exceptions of dual innervation in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Blood vessels, Sweat glands, Salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of receptors in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Cholinergic receptors and Adrenergic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are autonomic nervous system receptors located?

    <p>Plasma membrane of the postsynaptic neurone or effector organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the neurotransmitter released by postganglionic fibers between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

    <p>Ach for parasympathetic, NA for sympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the difference between the somatic and autonomic efferent divisions in terms of the localization of motor neurons.

    <p>Somatic motor neurons are localized in the ventral horn of the spinal cord, whereas autonomic motor neurons have their first neuron localized in the lateral horn of the spinal cord and the second neuron localized in an autonomic ganglion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the structural difference between the motor neuron pathways in the somatic and autonomic efferent divisions.

    <p>The somatic efferent division consists of a single myelinated neuron, whereas the autonomic efferent division has two neurons - the first myelinated and the second unmyelinated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the differences in the target organs of the autonomic nervous system between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

    <p>The sympathetic division targets effector neurons like cardiac and smooth muscle, while the parasympathetic division targets effector organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the pathway of the first neuron (preganglionic fiber) in the autonomic nervous system.

    <p>The first neuron travels from the lateral horn of the spinal cord to the autonomic ganglion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the location of the autonomic ganglion in the autonomic nervous system.

    <p>The autonomic ganglion is localized in the vertebra column.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parasympathetic has short preganglionic fibers

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release Ach as a neurotransmitter

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Salivary glands are innervated antagonistically by SNS and PSNS

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nicotinic receptors respond to adrenaline and noradrenaline

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Majority of organs in the body are innervated by only one division of the autonomic nervous system

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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