Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of obtaining voluntary consent from a patient before surgery?
What is the primary purpose of obtaining voluntary consent from a patient before surgery?
- To confirm the patient's understanding of the surgical procedure
- To ensure the patient has undergone all preoperative testing
- To give the physician legal protection in case of complications
- To ensure the patient is an autonomous individual who can make informed decisions (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a part of the preoperative phase nursing care?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the preoperative phase nursing care?
- Baseline assessment during interview
- Discussion of advanced-directive documents
- Assessment in the holding area
- Intraoperative monitoring (correct)
What is one objective of preadmission testing in the surgical process?
What is one objective of preadmission testing in the surgical process?
- To schedule the postoperative follow-up appointment
- To assess the patient's eligibility for insurance
- To involve the family in the interview process (correct)
- To determine the length of the surgery
Which patient group requires special consideration during the preoperative period?
Which patient group requires special consideration during the preoperative period?
A patient is considered incompetent to provide consent if they are?
A patient is considered incompetent to provide consent if they are?
Which of the following medications does NOT potentially affect the surgical experience?
Which of the following medications does NOT potentially affect the surgical experience?
What should be included in the nursing history during preoperative surgical phase assessment?
What should be included in the nursing history during preoperative surgical phase assessment?
Which aspect of preoperative care focuses on managing patient expectations regarding pain relief?
Which aspect of preoperative care focuses on managing patient expectations regarding pain relief?
What characterizes a low-risk surgical procedure?
What characterizes a low-risk surgical procedure?
Which of the following procedures is classified as moderate risk?
Which of the following procedures is classified as moderate risk?
What is the primary disadvantage of outpatient surgical settings?
What is the primary disadvantage of outpatient surgical settings?
What differentiates major surgery from minor surgery?
What differentiates major surgery from minor surgery?
Which surgical setting is NOT typically associated with outpatient procedures?
Which surgical setting is NOT typically associated with outpatient procedures?
What is a common gerontological consideration related to the renal system?
What is a common gerontological consideration related to the renal system?
What type of surgery involves extensive actions beyond the area visibly affected?
What type of surgery involves extensive actions beyond the area visibly affected?
Which of the following is NOT included in preoperative patient education?
Which of the following is NOT included in preoperative patient education?
What is the recommended timing for teaching clients about surgery to reduce anxiety?
What is the recommended timing for teaching clients about surgery to reduce anxiety?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of outpatient surgery?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of outpatient surgery?
What are some activities that can help decrease anxiety in patients?
What are some activities that can help decrease anxiety in patients?
Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable to patients preoperatively experiencing confusion?
Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable to patients preoperatively experiencing confusion?
What should a nurse do if preoperative screening tests reveal severe problems?
What should a nurse do if preoperative screening tests reveal severe problems?
Which intervention is part of final preparations for surgery?
Which intervention is part of final preparations for surgery?
What is a major physiological change in the musculoskeletal system associated with aging?
What is a major physiological change in the musculoskeletal system associated with aging?
Which statement about the integumentary system in older adults is true?
Which statement about the integumentary system in older adults is true?
What does the preoperative phase encompass?
What does the preoperative phase encompass?
What is classified as urgent surgery?
What is classified as urgent surgery?
Which type of surgery is performed to diagnose a condition?
Which type of surgery is performed to diagnose a condition?
What is the defining characteristic of elective surgery?
What is the defining characteristic of elective surgery?
What occurs during the intraoperative phase?
What occurs during the intraoperative phase?
What is the primary goal of reconstructive surgery?
What is the primary goal of reconstructive surgery?
Which surgery is considered an emergent procedure?
Which surgery is considered an emergent procedure?
What characterizes transplantation surgery?
What characterizes transplantation surgery?
What is the primary responsibility of the circulating nurse in the surgical team?
What is the primary responsibility of the circulating nurse in the surgical team?
Which of the following is not an indication for using spinal anesthesia?
Which of the following is not an indication for using spinal anesthesia?
What advantage does spinal anesthesia have over general anesthesia?
What advantage does spinal anesthesia have over general anesthesia?
What is a common complication associated with spinal anesthesia?
What is a common complication associated with spinal anesthesia?
In gerontologic considerations, which factor increases older adults' risk during surgery?
In gerontologic considerations, which factor increases older adults' risk during surgery?
What must be done when a sterile barrier is breached in a surgical setting?
What must be done when a sterile barrier is breached in a surgical setting?
What is a guideline for maintaining surgical asepsis?
What is a guideline for maintaining surgical asepsis?
Which of the following is not categorized as an intraoperative complication?
Which of the following is not categorized as an intraoperative complication?
In which position should a patient be placed for kidney surgery?
In which position should a patient be placed for kidney surgery?
Which of the following medications is commonly involved in spinal anesthesia?
Which of the following medications is commonly involved in spinal anesthesia?
Which of the following is a key intervention during the postoperative phase?
Which of the following is a key intervention during the postoperative phase?
Which factor can exacerbate complications from general anesthesia in older adults?
Which factor can exacerbate complications from general anesthesia in older adults?
What is not a role of the nursing team during a surgical procedure?
What is not a role of the nursing team during a surgical procedure?
Study Notes
Perioperative Nursing Management
- "Perioperative" refers to the three phases of surgical experience: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative.
Phases of Perioperative Care
- Preoperative Phase: Time from surgical decision to transfer to the operating room.
- Intraoperative Phase: Time from transfer to the operating room until admission to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).
- Postoperative Phase: Begins at PACU admission and ends with follow-up evaluation.
Definition and Types of Surgery
- Surgery: Treatment of injuries or diseases through surgical intervention to remove or repair damaged parts.
- Types by Urgency:
- Emergent: Immediate action to save life or function.
- Urgent: Necessary for health, can wait up to two days.
- Required: Scheduled at some point.
- Elective: Based on patient choice, not essential for health.
Types of Surgery by Purpose
- Diagnostic: Confirms diagnosis, e.g., biopsy.
- Curative: Removes diseased body parts, e.g., appendectomy.
- Reconstructive: Restores function or appearance.
- Transplantation: Replaces damaged organs.
- Cosmetic: Enhances appearance.
Surgical Risk Classification
- Low Risk: Minimal invasiveness, little to no blood loss; examples include breast biopsy.
- Moderate Risk: Minimal to moderate invasiveness, blood loss of 500-1500 cc; examples include hernia repair.
- High Risk: Highly invasive, significant blood loss (>1500 cc).
Surgical Settings
- Can be performed in surgical suites, outpatient settings, clinics, and homes.
Preoperative Nursing Care
- Nursing interventions start with assessment and include obtaining voluntary consent, ensuring understanding of procedures, and confirming completion of necessary tests.
Voluntary Consent
- Must be written, freely given, and witnessed by a professional; must identify if the patient is competent to consent.
Preadmission Testing
- Involves initial assessment, verifying diagnostic tests, discussing advance directives, and planning for discharge.
Medications Affecting Surgery
- Certain medications, including anticoagulants, corticosteroids, and diuretics, require careful consideration preoperatively.
Gerontological Considerations
- Older adults face increased surgical risks due to coexisting conditions, reduced organ function, and changes in drug responses.
Preoperative Teaching
- Focuses on deep breathing, mobility, pain management, coping strategies, and preparing for ambulatory surgery.
Immediate Preoperative Nursing Interventions
- Involve administering preanesthetic medication, securing personal belongings, and confirming the procedure and site.
Role of the Surgical Team
- Circulating nurse manages patient care, safety, and documentation; responsible for maintaining a sterile environment.
Types of Anesthesia
- Regional Anesthesia: Includes local, nerve blocks, epidurals.
- General Anesthesia: Comprehensively affects all body functions.
Complications and Adverse Effects
- Potential complications include infections, allergic reactions, and anesthesia-related issues like hypotension and respiratory problems.
Postoperative Nursing Management
- Postoperative care begins upon transfer to PACU and continues until discharge, focusing on recovery and monitoring for potential complications.
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Description
This quiz explores the essential components of perioperative care, which includes the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of surgical experiences. Test your knowledge on the nursing management practices that support patients during these critical periods.
