Periods of Egyptian History

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Questions and Answers

What is the main societal feature of the Old Kingdom?

The reign of pharaohs such as Hatshepsut, Akhenaten and Tutankhamun.
The establishment of the Egyptian state and a social structure. (correct)
Territorial expansion via military campaigns in Libya and Syria.
A decline in the power of pharaohs due to political crises.

Which of these pharaohs ruled during the Middle Kingdom?

Hatshepsut
Mentuhotep II (correct)
Ramses II
Khufu

Which best describes the nature of Egypt's territorial involvement during the New Kingdom?

They exerted a considerable amount of military force into Libya and Syria. (correct)
They lost control of Nubia and focused their efforts on building pyramids.
They experienced significant political instability, leading to a reduction of power
They were invaded by the Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans.

What event marked the approximate end of the Old Kingdom period?

<p>A major political and social crisis around 2200 BC. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period saw the most foreign invasions in Ancient Egypt?

<p>New Kingdom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Middle Kingdom

A period of Egyptian history marked by resurgence and power, with pharaohs strengthening their authority and expanding the empire's territory. It also saw military conquests in Nubia, Libya, and Syria, demonstrating Egyptian dominance.

Old Kingdom

The foundational period of ancient Egyptian civilization, characterized by the consolidation of the state and the establishment of absolute pharaohs, who were seen as divine rulers. This era also saw the construction of the iconic Pyramids of Giza.

New Kingdom

The golden age of ancient Egypt, distinguished by its splendor and magnificence, characterized by prominent pharaohs like Hatshepsut, Amenhotep III, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, and Ramses II. This period witnessed the peak of Egyptian power and influence.

What was the role of pharaohs in the Old Kingdom?

The pharaohs held immense power and were considered to be divine beings, controlling both political and religious authority.

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What caused the end of the Old Kingdom?

Around 2200 BC, the Old Kingdom experienced a period of political and social unrest, ultimately leading to its downfall.

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Study Notes

Periods of Egyptian History

Two kingdoms formed around the Nile in Lower and Upper Egypt
King Menes united the two kingdoms around 3100 BC
Three periods: Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom

Old Kingdom (3100-2050 BC)

Foundations of the Egyptian state and society were established
Pharaohs were considered gods, holding political and religious power
Pyramids of Giza were built during the reigns of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure
Political and social crisis around 2200 BC ended the period

Middle Kingdom (2050-1580 BC)

Mentuhotep II was the first pharaoh
Pharaohs' power increased during this era
Significant territorial expansion, conquering Nubia and launching campaigns in Libya, Syria
Political instability allowed foreign invasions

New Kingdom (1580-31 BC)

Period of splendor with pharaohs like Hatshepsut, Amenhotep III, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, and Ramses II
Egypt conquered Libya and Syria
Foreign invasions (Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, Romans) from 1100 BC led to Egypt's decline