Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a primary function related to the design of an instrument shank?
Which of the following is a primary function related to the design of an instrument shank?
- Identifying the instrument's manufacturer
- Relating to the specific function of the instrument (correct)
- Determining the instrument's weight and balance
- Ensuring the handle is ergonomic
Which attribute of a periodontal instrument handle is MOST important for reducing hand fatigue during prolonged use?
Which attribute of a periodontal instrument handle is MOST important for reducing hand fatigue during prolonged use?
- Color
- Material
- Weight
- Texture (correct)
When choosing a periodontal instrument, what does 'evenly weighted' primarily refer to in the context of instrument handle design?
When choosing a periodontal instrument, what does 'evenly weighted' primarily refer to in the context of instrument handle design?
- Uniform color distribution across the handle surface
- Consistency in material density for durability
- Balanced distribution of weight to minimize strain (correct)
- Equal distribution of texture for enhanced grip
What is the MOST significant characteristic of a functional shank that directly affects its usability?
What is the MOST significant characteristic of a functional shank that directly affects its usability?
How does the flexibility of a shank MOST directly influence the effectiveness and comfort of using a periodontal instrument?
How does the flexibility of a shank MOST directly influence the effectiveness and comfort of using a periodontal instrument?
What primary advantage does a working end with a 'rounded toe' offer during subgingival instrumentation?
What primary advantage does a working end with a 'rounded toe' offer during subgingival instrumentation?
What is the PRIMARY function of the 'cutting edges' on the working end of a periodontal instrument?
What is the PRIMARY function of the 'cutting edges' on the working end of a periodontal instrument?
Which design feature is MOST characteristic of sickle scalers?
Which design feature is MOST characteristic of sickle scalers?
Why are sickle scalers primarily recommended for supragingival use?
Why are sickle scalers primarily recommended for supragingival use?
What is a key characteristic that differentiates universal curettes from area-specific curettes?
What is a key characteristic that differentiates universal curettes from area-specific curettes?
Which of the following BEST describes the cross-sectional shape of a universal curette?
Which of the following BEST describes the cross-sectional shape of a universal curette?
What is the PRIMARY advantage of using area-specific curettes as opposed to universal curettes?
What is the PRIMARY advantage of using area-specific curettes as opposed to universal curettes?
Which of the following BEST characterizes the design of area-specific curettes like the Gracey curettes?
Which of the following BEST characterizes the design of area-specific curettes like the Gracey curettes?
What does the design name on a periodontal instrument, such as 'Gracey,' typically indicate?
What does the design name on a periodontal instrument, such as 'Gracey,' typically indicate?
What does the design number on a periodontal instrument provide, in addition to the design name?
What does the design number on a periodontal instrument provide, in addition to the design name?
What is the PRIMARY purpose of a periodontal probe in a clinical setting?
What is the PRIMARY purpose of a periodontal probe in a clinical setting?
Why is a rounded edge advantageous for a periodontal probe?
Why is a rounded edge advantageous for a periodontal probe?
What is the MAIN purpose of using explorers in periodontal assessment?
What is the MAIN purpose of using explorers in periodontal assessment?
Which characteristic of explorers makes them particularly effective for detecting subgingival calculus?
Which characteristic of explorers makes them particularly effective for detecting subgingival calculus?
What should the angulation of a Sickle scaler to the tooth surface be?
What should the angulation of a Sickle scaler to the tooth surface be?
What should the angulation of a Universal Curette to the tooth surface be?
What should the angulation of a Universal Curette to the tooth surface be?
What should the angulation of a Gracey curette to the tooth surface be?
What should the angulation of a Gracey curette to the tooth surface be?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on anterior teeth?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on anterior teeth?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on premolars and molars with buccal-lingual access?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on premolars and molars with buccal-lingual access?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on molars with mesial access?
Which of the following Gracey curettes should be used on molars with mesial access?
Flashcards
What are the parts of a periodontal instrument?
What are the parts of a periodontal instrument?
The three basic parts are the handle, shank, and working end.
What is the handle?
What is the handle?
The part of the instrument the clinician grasps.
What is the shank?
What is the shank?
Connects the handle to the working end.
What is the working end?
What is the working end?
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What is the functional shank?
What is the functional shank?
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What is the Lower Terminal Shank?
What is the Lower Terminal Shank?
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What are simple shanks?
What are simple shanks?
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What are complex shanks?
What are complex shanks?
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What are the flexible shanks?
What are the flexible shanks?
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What are rigid shanks?
What are rigid shanks?
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What is the working end?
What is the working end?
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What are sickle scalers?
What are sickle scalers?
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What are curettes?
What are curettes?
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What are universal curettes?
What are universal curettes?
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What are site-specific curettes?
What are site-specific curettes?
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What is design name?
What is design name?
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What is design number?
What is design number?
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What are explorers?
What are explorers?
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What are periodontal probes?
What are periodontal probes?
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What is the Gracey 1/2?
What is the Gracey 1/2?
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What is the Gracey 5/6?
What is the Gracey 5/6?
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What is the Gracey 7/8 and 9/10?
What is the Gracey 7/8 and 9/10?
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What is the Gracey 11/12?
What is the Gracey 11/12?
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What is the Gracey 13/14?
What is the Gracey 13/14?
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Study Notes
- Students should be able to identify the three basic parts of a periodontal instrument and their variations at the end of this session
- Students should be able to identify the function in relation to the design of the instrument shank at the end of this session
- Students should be able to explain the macro and micro design and function of the working end at the end of this session
- Students should be able to categorize design features of hand scaling instruments contributing to their functionality at the end of this session
- Students should be able to explain the classification of hand scaling instruments (by both name and number) at the end of this session
Three Basic Parts
- Handle: Provides ergonomic, weighted, textured, flexible, and rigid qualities
- Shank: Connects the handle to the working end
Shanks
- Functional Shank: Extends from the first bend nearest the handle up to the working end
- Lower Terminal Shank: Bent section nearest the working end
Variability in Shanks
- Flexibility: Thinner shanks enhance tactile sensitivity and can be less traumatic
- Rigidity: Larger diameter shanks withstand pressure to remove heavy calculus
Working End
- Sickle: Has a pointed tip.
- Curette, Universal: Has a rounded toe
Working End Micro-anatomy
- Face
- Back
- Lateral surface
- Cutting edges
- Toe/Tip
- Middle
- Heel
Instruments
- Stamping provides design name and number
- Design Name identifies school or designer e.g. Gracey
- Design Number is exact method of identification e.g. working-end
Periodontal Instruments
- Assessment Instruments: Include periodontal probes and explorers
- Deposit Removal Instruments: Include sickles and curettes
Periodontal Probes
- Designs have millimeter markings
- Tip shapes include ros-shaped or smooth, round
- Cross sections are usually round or rectangular
- Used for measuring and evaluating
Explorers
- Characterized by a fine, wire-like working end and sharp point
Sickle Scalers
- Features include two cutting edges, pointed tip, pointed back, and triangular cross section
- Confined to supragingival use on the crown, not root surfaces
Universal Curettes
- Features: Two cutting edges, spoon shaped working-end, cutting edges meet in a rounded toe, rounded back, and semi-circular cross section
- Used both supra- and sub-gingivally for removal of light to moderately-sized calculus
- Features allow insertion into the sulcus or pocket without trauma to gingival tissue
Universal Curette angles
- Has a level cutting edges approximately at 90 degrees
Site Specific Curette
- These curettes have a rounded back and toe, a semi-circular cross-section, one working edge per working end, and a long complex shank design
- Used sub-gingivally on specific surfaces and areas, requiring a set of curettes to instrument a whole mouth
Research Names of other Site Specific Currettes
- After Fives
- Micro Mini Five 1/2
- Micro Mini Five 7/8
- Micro Mini Five 11/12
- Micro Mini Five 13/14
- Gracey
- Gracey 1/2 (Incisors, all surfaces)
- Gracey 5/6 (Incisors, all surfaces)
- Gracey 3/4 (Incisors, all surfaces)
- Gracey 7/8 (Premolars and molars
- Gracey 9/10 (Premolars and molars)
- Gracey 11/12 (Mesial)
- Gracey 15/16 Mesial
- Gracey 13/14 (Distal)
Gracey Curette angles
- Sickle scaler angled at 90 degrees
- Universal curette angled at 90 degrees
- Gracey curette angled at 70 degrees
Instrument maintenance
- These tools require care and maintenance to be effective
Sharpening Stone
- Different types
- Require care
- Understand anatomy to understand usage of stones
- Refer to sharpening lecture
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