Periodontal Disease Quiz

Calculus Removal

• Calculus can be removed by brushing and other plaque control methods.

Primary Cause of Periodontal Disease

• The primary cause of gingivitis and most forms of periodontal disease is biofilm.

Periodontal Structures

• Structures surrounding, supporting, and attached to teeth are called the periodontium.

Periodontal Diseases

• Plaques, malocclusions, and systemic causes are implicated in periodontal diseases.

Gingivitis Characteristics

• Gingivitis is characterized by redness, swelling, and a tendency for the gingiva to bleed easily.
• Loss of bone is not a characteristic of gingivitis.

Periodontal Disease Signs and Symptoms

• Bleeding gingiva while brushing or flossing
• Loose or separating teeth
• Pain or pressure when chewing
• Pus around the teeth or gingiva

Tooth Structure of Periodontium

• Cementum is a tooth structure considered a part of the periodontium.

Healthy Gingiva Description

• Healthy gingiva is characterized by uniformly pale pink color, firm, and resilient.
• Generalized dark brown pigmentation is not a characteristic of healthy gingiva.

Healthy Gingival Sulcus Probing Depth

• The probing depth of a healthy gingival sulcus is 0 to 4 mm from the cementoenamel junction.

Bright Red Bleeding Gingiva

• Bright red gingiva that bleeds on probing is a description of gingival inflammation.

Periodontal Disease Risk Factors

• Smoking and diabetes are risk factors for periodontal disease.
• Fibromyalgia is not a known risk factor for periodontal disease.

Necrotizing Periodontal Disease

• A gingival infection characterized by sudden onset of pain, crater-shaped interdental papillae, bleeding, and a foul odor is a description of necrotizing periodontal disease.

Outermost Periodontium Structure

• Gingiva is the outermost structure of the periodontium.

Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss

• Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases and are the leading cause of tooth loss in adults (True).

Improving Gingivitis

• Improved daily oral hygiene practices will reverse gingivitis (True).

Periodontal Disease and Bacteria

• All forms of periodontal diseases are related to changes in the types of bacteria in the oral cavity (True).

Early-Onset Periodontitis

• Localized and generalized are two general types of early-onset periodontitis. (True)

Reversibility of Gingivitis

• Gingivitis is curable, and improved brushing and flossing is effective in reversing gingivitis. (True)

Periodontal Disease and Coronary Heart Disease

• Patients with periodontal disease have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease. (True).

CAMBRA

• CAMBRA is an evidence-based strategy for preventing and treating dental caries.

Remineralization

• Loss of minerals from the tooth surface is demineralization.
• Factors like calcium, fluoride, and phosphate help in remineralization

Cariogenic Decay

• Decay that spreads quickly and widely is rampant caries.

Bacteria in Dental Caries

• Mutans streptococci and Lactobacilli are primarily responsible for dental caries (both A and B).

Highly Mineralized Tissue

• Enamel is the most highly mineralized tissue in the body. Enamel is harder compared to bone.

Earliest Caries Stage

• The earliest stage of dental caries is incipient caries.

Dental Caries Classification

• Dental caries are classified as a communicable, and infectious disease, and a disease found in children.

Colonies of Bacteria

• Colonies of bacteria embedded in an adhesive layer are called Plaque.

Early Childhood Caries

• Early childhood caries is preventable, transmissible, and more common among children with special needs.

Recurrent Decay Area

• The term for dental caries that occurs under or adjacent to existing restorations is recurrent.

Prevention of Dental Caries

• Prevention of dental caries includes fluoride use, antimicrobial oral rinse, decreasing fermentable carbohydrates in the diet, and increasing salivary flow. Factors that prevent decay are all of the options.

Bacteria and Dental Caries

• The risk of developing dental caries increases as the number of caries-causing bacteria in the mouth increases (True).

Infant Saliva and Bacteria

• Saliva, most commonly from the mother to the infant, transmits mutans streptococci. (True).

Essential Nutrients for Tissues

• Proteins make new cells and rebuild body tissues.

Nutrients and Energy

• Empty calories provide only energy.

Sticky Sugary Refined Products

• Sticky sugary refined products are more likely to cause caries compared to complex carbohydrates

Tooth Erosion

• Tooth erosion is often seen in patients with a history of bulimia, habits like thumb sucking, and cleft palates.

Oral Manifestations of Bulimia

• Oral manifestations of bulimia include decalcification of enamel and increased dental caries amongst other issues affecting health of periodontal tissues.

Cholesterol Limit

• The recommendation is that cholesterol should be limited to less than 250 mg/day.

Food Pyramid Lowest Level

• Grains are located at the bottom of the food pyramid.

Antioxidants and Artery Health

• Vitamins C and E help prevent cholesterol from oxidizing, thereby protecting the arteries.

Dietary Fiber

• Dietary fiber is also called roughage.

Cariogenic Foods

• Raisins, crackers, and soft drinks are considered cariogenic foods.

Protein Compounds

• Amino acids are compounds in proteins used by the body to build and repair tissues.

Dental Assistant Nutritional Counseling

• Counsel patients on preventing tooth decay, orthodontic appliance food choices, and post-surgical food choices.

Major Nutrients

• Minerals, vitamins, fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are major nutrients.

Well-Balanced Amino Acid Mixture

• A balanced mixture of all eight essential amino acids is a complete protein.

Deficiency Symptoms

• Swollen and bleeding gums, slow wound healing, fatigue, depression, and poor digestion can occur due to vitamin deficiencies, such as vitamin C.

Avoiding Dental Tissue Damage

• Dentin and enamel should not be dried completely, but should be blotted to avoid desiccation.

Porcelain Crown Preparation

• Porcelain crowns should be roughened using air abrasion, cleaned with pumice, and moistened before cementation.

Polycarboxylate Cement Appearance

• Polycarboxylate cement, when mixed correctly, appears glossy.

Zinc Phosphate Cement Mixing

• Zinc phosphate cement must be mixed on a cool glass slab and spatulated over a wide area to dissipate the heat.

Cement Consistency for Zinc Phosphate Cement

• The correct consistency of zinc phosphate cement for setting and forming a ball is to display a stringy appearance and break approximately one inch from the slab.

Acidic Cement

• Zinc phosphate cement is the most acidic and irritating cement to the pulp.

Zinc Phosphate Cement Liner

• Zinc phosphate cement, when used as a base, requires a liner first, to protect from irritation to the pulp.