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Trends in the periodic table SAQ2

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason for the decrease in atomic radius across a period?

Increased nuclear charge

What is the effect of increased screening on the atomic radius of an element down a group?

Increases atomic radius

How does the nuclear charge affect the 1st ionisation energy across a period?

Increases 1st ionisation energy

What is the difference between the 1st and 2nd ionisation energies of an element?

The 2nd ionisation energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a singly charged positive ion, whereas the 1st ionisation energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom. Signup and view all the answers

Define first ionisation energy.

The 1st ionisation energy of an element is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from 1 mole of gaseous atoms in their ground state. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between electronegativity and nuclear charge down a group?

Electronegativity decreases as nuclear charge increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that contributes to the decrease in atomic radius across a period, despite the same screening effect?

Increased nuclear charge Signup and view all the answers

Define second ionisation energy.

The 2nd ionisation energy of an element is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from each singly charged positive ion in a mole of these ions. Signup and view all the answers

How does the increased screening effect down a group affect the electronegativity of an element?

It decreases the electronegativity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increase in electronegativity across a period, despite the same number of energy levels?

Increased nuclear charge Signup and view all the answers

How does the atomic radius of an element affect its 1st ionisation energy down a group?

An increase in atomic radius decreases the 1st ionisation energy Signup and view all the answers

Define atomic radius.

The atomic radius of an element is half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the element joined together by a single covalent bond. Signup and view all the answers