Periodic Table Quiz: Groups and Periods

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Questions and Answers

Which element in Group IIA has the highest density?

  • Beryllium (Be)
  • Calcium (Ca)
  • Strontium (Sr)
  • Radium (Ra) (correct)

What is the typical ion charge of elements in Group IIIA when they react, excluding Boron?

  • Trivalent positive ion (correct)
  • Divalent positive ion
  • Univalent positive ion
  • Neutral atom

Which of the following statements is true about alkali metals in Group IA?

  • They lose one electron during chemical reactions. (correct)
  • They are known for forming divalent positive ions.
  • They have a valence shell containing two electrons.
  • They are less reactive than alkaline earth metals.

Which of the following elements is classified as a metalloid in the periodic table?

<p>Boron (B) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is common to all elements in Group IVA?

<p>They have four electrons in their valence shell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the periods of the periodic table is true?

<p>The sixth period is the longest period with 32 elements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of elements in the fifth period?

<p>18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What range of atomic numbers corresponds to the third period?

<p>11 to 18 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following periods contains Actinides?

<p>Seventh Period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of periods both contain 18 elements?

<p>Fourth and Fifth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Short Period

Periods 2 and 3 of the periodic table, each containing 8 elements.

Long Period

Periods 4 and 5 of the periodic table, each containing 18 elements.

Sixth Period Elements

Period 6 of the periodic table, containing 32 elements, including lanthanides.

Seventh Period

Period 7 of the periodic table, containing elements, starting with Francium (Fr) and is considered incomplete.

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Number of Elements in a Period

The number of elements in a period is determined by the maximum number of electrons that can fit in the outermost electron shell (valence shell).

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Group IA (Alkali Metals) elements

Group IA elements include Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr). They have one electron in their valence shell, are highly reactive, and lose one electron to form univalent positive ions (cations).

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Group IIA (Alkaline Earth Metals) elements

Group IIA includes Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra). These elements have two electrons in their valence shell, lose two electrons to form divalent positive ions and sometimes have irregular properties like density, melting and boiling points.

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Group IIIA (Boron Family) - Boron

Boron (B) is a metalloid in Group IIIA, and it displays properties of both metals and nonmetals, unlike other group IIIA elements that chiefly form trivalent positive ions, loosing three electrons.

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Valence electrons and group number

The group number of an element indicates the number of valence electrons in its atoms. For example elements in group IVA have 4 valence electrons.

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Group IVA (Carbon Family)

Group IVA includes Carbon (C), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Tin (Sn), and Lead (Pb). These elements have four valence electrons.

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Study Notes

Group IA (Alkali Metal) or Lithium Family

  • This group includes Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs) and Francium (Fr).
  • Their valence shell contains one electron.
  • On reaction they lose one electron and form univalent positive ion (cation).
  • They are highly reactive metals.
  • They have low melting point.

Group II A (Alkaline Earth Metals) or Beryllium Family

  • This group includes Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba) and Radium (Ra).
  • Their valence shell contain two electrons.
  • On reaction they lose two electrons and form divalent positive ion.
  • They show irregular Densities, Melting and Boiling point.

Group III A (Boron Family)

  • This group includes Boron (B), Aluminium (Al), Gallium (Ga), Indium (In) And Thallium (Tl).
  • Their valence shell contain three electrons.
  • On reaction they lose three electrons and form trivalent positive ion except Boron.

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