Pericardium: Clinical Relevance and Cardiac Tamponade
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Questions and Answers

What can happen when there is an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity?

  • Decreased pressure on the heart
  • Increased flexibility of the heart
  • Increased pressure on the heart (correct)
  • No effect on the heart
  • What is the main symptom of pericarditis?

  • Fever
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain (correct)
  • Dizziness
  • What causes acute cardiac tamponade due to an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity?

  • Bacterial infection
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Pericarditis
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What surrounds the muscular body of the heart and the roots of the great vessels?

    <p>Fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Prevents overfilling of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium is made up of tough connective tissue and is relatively non-distensible?

    <p>Outer fibrous layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves to minimize the friction generated by the heart as it contracts and moves within the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the pericardium?

    <p>Phrenic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arterial supply to the fibrous and parietal pericardium?

    <p>Internal thoracic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Outer parietal layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of pericardial effusion due to the relatively inextensible fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Compression of the heart chambers, compromising cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes acute cardiac tamponade due to an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves to minimize the friction generated by the heart as it contracts and moves within the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium is made up of tough connective tissue and is relatively non-distensible?

    <p>Fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the muscular body of the heart and the roots of the great vessels?

    <p>Pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Fixes the heart in the mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides innervation to the visceral pericardium?

    <p>Vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arterial supply to the visceral pericardium?

    <p>Coronary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium is made up of a single sheet of epithelial cells known as mesothelium?

    <p>Inner visceral layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of referred pain, such as shoulder pain experienced as a result of pericarditis?

    <p>Phrenic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

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