Pericardium Anatomy and Nerve Supply
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Questions and Answers

What is the location of the oblique sinus?

  • Above the heart to the left of the L.V.C.
  • Behind the heart to the left of the L.V.C. (correct)
  • Behind the heart to the right of the L.V.C.
  • In front of the heart to the right of the L.V.C.
  • What is the function of the phrenic nerves in relation to the pericardium?

  • They transmit parasympathetic fibers to the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium.
  • They transmit somatic sensation to the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium. (correct)
  • They transmit sympathetic fibers to the visceral layer of serous pericardium.
  • They transmit autonomic fibers to the visceral layer of serous pericardium.
  • Which layer of the serous pericardium is insensitive to pain but sensitive to ischaemia?

  • Visceral layer of serous pericardium (correct)
  • Fibrous pericardium
  • Transverse sinus
  • Parietal layer of serous pericardium
  • What is the function of the autonomic fibers in relation to the pericardium?

    <p>They transmit sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers to the visceral layer of serous pericardium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of inflammation of the pericardium?

    <p>Pain in the fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the oblique sinus?

    <p>To allow the movements of the left atrium and the expansion of the esophagus during swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinus allows the distension of the great vessels during diastole?

    <p>Transverse sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>To protect the heart and maintain its position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the collection of fluid in the pericardial cavity?

    <p>Severe distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of the transverse sinus during open heart surgery?

    <p>As a site of fixation of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>To maintain the heart's position and prevent its overdistension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries provide the arterial supply to the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium?

    <p>Internal thoracic arteries and their branches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of venous drainage from the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium?

    <p>Azygos venous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium receives its arterial supply from the right and left coronary arteries?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pericardium regarding the large vessels?

    <p>To maintain the heart's position and prevent the large vessels from opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the transverse sinus during open heart surgery?

    <p>To fix the heart in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during diastole that the transverse sinus allows for?

    <p>Distension of the great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of fluid collection in the pericardial cavity?

    <p>Severe distress as the heart movements are hindered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of paracentesis in the context of pericardial effusion?

    <p>To drain excess fluid from the pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the puncture usually made during paracentesis to avoid injury?

    <p>Close to the sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

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