Performance-Based Navigation Overview
50 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary benefit of RNP performance assurance in the context of airspace capacity?

  • It provides optimised separation standards between routes. (correct)
  • It allows for unlimited air traffic in crowded airspaces.
  • It reduces the need for advanced navigation systems.
  • It simplifies aircraft separation procedures.

Which of the following is identified as the basic design standard for STARs and SIDs?

  • RNP 5
  • RNP 1 (correct)
  • RNAV 1
  • A-RNP

How will ATC engage with airspace users during flight?

  • By enforcing strict navigation protocols.
  • By allowing requests for static routing.
  • By collaboratively developing trajectory options. (correct)
  • By providing non-stop communication.

What is one characteristic of the scalable A-RNP capabilities mentioned?

<p>They may be required on specific segments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the aim of user-preferred trajectories in navigation?

<p>They will serve as the primary method of navigation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What operational mode allows for non-GNSS aircraft to continue using the same procedures?

<p>Fail-down mode. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of departure routing, what advantage does RNP performance provide?

<p>More design options for departures with parallel turns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of implementing vertical path constraints in air traffic?

<p>To enable greater aircraft separation assurance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the publication discussed?

<p>Performance-Based Navigation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is acknowledged for its role in producing the concept?

<p>CANSO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym PBN stand for in the context of air navigation?

<p>Performance-Based Navigation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant period does CANSO suggest to consider for planning future navigation infrastructure?

<p>15 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chapter in the document addresses safety issues?

<p>Chapter 3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is mentioned in the contents related to navigation?

<p>Remote Piloted Aircraft Systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organization is CANSO primarily associated with?

<p>Air Navigation Service Providers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of PBN is considered a key priority for the ICAO?

<p>Performance-Based Navigation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the publication?

<p>To offer guidance for implementing PBN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the publication besides performance-based navigation?

<p>Environmental and Community Considerations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intention behind using NPA during high demand operations?

<p>To avoid complex operations wherever possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the status of H-ARAIM by the year 2025?

<p>It will be available with improved receiver performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By 2030, which of the following is expected in aviation navigation regarding APV?

<p>It will be the baseline approach capability in suitable conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the inclusion of vertical guidance in APV primarily aim to mitigate?

<p>The risk of controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected availability timeline for V-ARAIM technology?

<p>Post-2030 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the significant advantages of APV according to ICAO Resolution A37-11?

<p>It provides three-dimensional approach operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of SBAS localizer performance with vertical guidance (LPV)?

<p>It supports decision height capability at LPV 200 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach technology is expected to be increasingly used for environmental reasons?

<p>RNP AR APCH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily expected to focus aircraft noise impacts in the creation or modification of PBN flight procedures?

<p>Concentrated flight paths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should ANSPs use to ensure community involvement in instrument flight procedure projects?

<p>Guiding principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the expected management of very low-level operations by smaller RPAS?

<p>UAS Traffic Management System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge faced by smaller RPAS regarding certification by 2030?

<p>Technical standard order (TSO) certification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addressing public concerns regarding PBN deployment, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an important aspect?

<p>Providing unlimited operational capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might larger RPAS have an advantage over smaller RPAS in terms of navigation capability?

<p>They can accommodate TSO certified equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause for the difficulty in demonstrating required performance for PBN approval criteria for RPAS?

<p>Inability to achieve TSO certification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in the early engagement process with the community for PBN deployments?

<p>Clear and transparent communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS)?

<p>To serve as a regional infrastructure for navigation assistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following GNSS constellations is NOT classified as a core constellation?

<p>IRNSS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does SBAS particularly provide in the approach domain?

<p>Geometric vertical guidance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the emerging capability for SBAS systems by 2030?

<p>Dual frequency SBAS capability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant goal of the Marine Conductivity Data Framework (MCDF) in relation to SBAS?

<p>To enable maximum GNSS benefits for PBN services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which issue is being addressed through the implementation of dual frequency SBAS?

<p>Data integrity and accuracy concerns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CFIT stand for in the context of SBAS?

<p>Controlled Flight Into Terrain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the implementation of SBAS?

<p>Implementation is at the discretion of individual states and regions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of world air traffic is supported by CANSO Members?

<p>85% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of CANSO Members?

<p>To improve air navigation services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CANSO represents Members’ views to which international organization?

<p>International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Full Members does CANSO have?

<p>87 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the status of CANSO in relation to the International Civil Aviation Organization?

<p>Official Observer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organizations are included in the extensive network of CANSO's Associate Members?

<p>Various entities from across the aviation industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which member is associated with air navigation services in Kosovo?

<p>Air Navigation Services Agency of Kosovo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can one find information about joining CANSO?

<p>canso.org/join-canso (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO)

An international organisation that supports and promotes civil air navigation services.

Performance-Based Navigation (PBN)

A method of air navigation based on performance criteria rather than relying solely on traditional navigation aids.

ANSPs

Air Navigation Service Providers - who manage air traffic.

Concept 2030

A plan for implementing PBN in the air traffic management systems over the next 15 years.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Operational Vision

The concept behind PBN and future air traffic management system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PBN Navigational Infrastructure

The systems that enable PBN operations. Includes equipment necessary for modern flight.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Safety

A crucial aspect of PBN implementation, ensuring safe navigation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Environmental and Community Considerations

The impact of aviation policies on environments and local communities, particularly noise and emissions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

RPAS and UAS

Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems and Unmanned Aircraft Systems that need consideration within the future airspace.

Signup and view all the flashcards

15 Year Replacement Life Cycle

The time frame over which air traffic management systems need to be updated and replaced, to allow seamless implementation of PBN

Signup and view all the flashcards

Standard Arrival/Departure Routings (STAR/SID)

Predefined routes for aircraft arrivals and departures, incorporating vertical and lateral paths for optimized separation and airspace capacity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

RNP Assurance

A system that optimizes separation standards between routes, using performance to reduce the need for procedural separation, thus improving airspace capacity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

RNP 1

The basic standard for designing STARs and SIDs, allowing for potential fallback to RNAV 1 for aircraft without global navigation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

User-Preferred Trajectories

Aircraft's preferred flight paths, used as the primary navigation method to enhance flight planning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Advanced-RNP4 (A-RNP)

Advanced navigation system using RNP 2 or higher precision, allowing for more complex flight paths and more optimized operations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dynamic Airborne Reroute Procedures

ATC's ability to adjust a flight plan during a flight with user permission.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reduced Aircraft Separation

Optimized separation standards that reduces the spacing between aircraft by leveraging performance-based navigation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vertical/Lateral path Constraints

Rules that restrict the vertical and horizontal flight paths in order to maintain separation and ensure airspace safety

Signup and view all the flashcards

Elevated Terminal Entry Requirements

Specific requirements for airport entry during high-capacity periods, possibly for the whole terminal or specific runways.

Signup and view all the flashcards

H-ARAIM

High-accuracy Airport-based Augmentation system, expected to be available around 2025.

Signup and view all the flashcards

V-ARAIM

Vertical Airport-based Augmentation system, expected to become available after 2030.

Signup and view all the flashcards

APV

Automatic Performance-Based Vertical guidance, a baseline approach capability in 2030.

Signup and view all the flashcards

RNP AR APCH

Required Navigation Performance Area, Airport Approach, used for environmental reasons.

Signup and view all the flashcards

GNSS Augmentation

Techniques enhancing GNSS (GPS) accuracy, including (SBAS, GBAS, ABAS/Baro-VNAV).

Signup and view all the flashcards

LPV 200

Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance, 200 decision height capability.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Performance-Based Navigation

Approach method offering improved approach capabilities to increase capacity. (APV and RNP AR APCH).

Signup and view all the flashcards

SBAS

Satellite-Based Augmentation System, providing enhanced GNSS accuracy for aviation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

GNSS

Global Navigation Satellite System, like GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MCDF

Mitigation of GNSS data errors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dual Frequency (DF) SBAS

Higher-accuracy SBAS using two frequencies for better data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

WAAS

US Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Regional Constellations

GNSS systems outside the core four (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Initial Operational Capability

The stage where a system starts operating in a live environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PBN Services

Performance-Based Navigation services enabled by GNSS and MCDF.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PBN Deployment

Implementing Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) in airspace, requiring varying levels of public consultation based on altitude.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Aircraft Noise Impact

Noise generated by planes using PBN procedures affects concentrated flight paths, not entire airspace.

Signup and view all the flashcards

RPAS/UAS Integration

Integrating remotely piloted aircraft (RPAS) and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into controlled airspace, at varying levels of maturity across states.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Low-Level RPAS

Small RPAS operations below 500ft AGL, outside aerodrome vicinity, potentially managed by UTM systems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

UTM Systems

Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management system that interfaces with conventional ATM for some types of RPAS operations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

TSO Certification

Technical Standard Order certification for navigation equipment, which smaller RPAS may struggle to achieve by 2030.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Barometric Altimetry

A method of measuring altitude using air pressure, a potential equipage issue for smaller RPAS vehicles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Public Consultation

Engaging communities in the decision-making process about PBN integration, showing how input improves outcomes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CANSO Members

Members of the Civil Air Navigation Services Organization (CANSO) supporting over 85% of global air traffic.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CANSO's Goal

To improve air navigation services through information sharing and policy development.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CANSO Stakeholders

Groups involved in aviation, including the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Signup and view all the flashcards

CANSO Associate Members

Members from across the aviation industry that collaborate with CANSO.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Full CANSO Members (Example)

Specific organizations, such as aeronautical radio stations, air traffic control associations, and companies like Airbus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Air Traffic Control Association (ATCA)

A specific organization focusing on air traffic management.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Civil Air Navigation Services Organization (CANSO)

An international organization that promotes improvements in air navigation services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Number of Full Members

CANSO currently has 87 full members.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Acknowledgements

  • This publication was created by the CANSO Performance-Based Navigation Workgroup.
  • Key contributors include Jeff Cochrane (NAV CANADA), Brendan Kelly (NATS), Phil Rakena (Airways New Zealand), and Jeff Williams (Tetratech AMT).
  • Other valuable contributors are Scott Blum (Jeppesen), Dave Joubert (ATNS), Simon Young (Airservices Australia), Robert Novia (FAA), Mike Sammartino (CGH Technologies), and various other CANSO PBN WG members.

Foreword

  • Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) is the highest air navigation priority for ICAO.
  • PBN is a key element of ICAO's Aviation System Block Upgrades (ASBU).
  • PBN has improved airspace efficiency worldwide for several years.
  • CANSO recognizes the need for greater support in future PBN implementation, across a 15-year lifespan.
  • The document outlines current and future PBN-related technologies/services.
  • Identifying potential implementation issues for ANSPs is a key goal.
  • The document aims to help CANSO Members with future PBN planning by highlighting relevant capabilities and resources.

Executive Summary

  • The report provides an ANSP perspective on performance-based navigation (PBN) through 2030.
  • PBN is integral to the "perfect flight" concept, linked to communication, navigation, surveillance, and air traffic management (CNS/ATM).
  • PBN offers safety and efficiency through optimized ATM routing/ATFM.
  • The 15-year replacement cycle for aviation technology is typical, placing emphasis on preparation for future needs.
  • Multiple stakeholders need significant support, guidance, and preparation for the PBN implementation as required.
  • Multiple documents, associations, and resources contribute to the creation of this document.
  • Long-term planning and review will be needed for this vision.
  • Key partners have been considered in the report's creation (e.g. ICAO, SESAR, NextGen, IATA).

Operational Vision

  • PBN improves airspace efficiency and capacity across FIR boundaries.
  • PBN will be used in lateral, vertical, or time-based navigation.
  • Navigation performance supports expanded communication, surveillance, and required air traffic infrastructure.
  • The transition to PBN moves from traditional route navigation to more flexible point-to-point area navigation.
  • Oceanic/Remote Continental: RNP 2, expected transition.
  • Oceanic/Remote Continental navigation will leverage satellite constellations for enhanced availability.
  • Expected increase in airspace capacity in oceanic/remote regions.
  • En Route: All operations (likely) expected to use PBN by 2030.
  • PBN will likely replace RNP 4 and RNAV 10 procedures.

PBN Navigational Infrastructure

  • GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) core satellite constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou,) will be in place.
  • Multi-constellation GBAS (Ground-Based Augmentation System) expected to be used for CAT I, II, and III operations.
  • Increased capability in weather, obstacle, and clearance applications are expected.
  • Data management with SWIM (System Wide Information Management) and open data standards (e.g. AIXM).
  • The integrity and compatibility of various data sources/standards (e.g., FMS, FMS applications) will be improved.
  • The use of contingency navigation solutions/improved GNSS signal resilience will allow for more robust systems.
  • Continued development of new contingency solutions is projected

Safety

  • States are implementing PBN-based approach procedures with vertical guidance (APV) to support greater safety across all runways.
  • The expected transition is to RNP approaches (in line with Assembly Resolution A37-11).
  • RNP approaches lead to fewer disruption periods (due to weather or other factors)
  • Navigation specifications, flight procedures, new separation standards, and contingency procedures support safety.

Environmental and Community Considerations

  • PBN flight planning needs to be ecologically considerate of noise impacts, particularly in sensitive areas (residential, educational, or religious sites)
  • Public consultation and engagement on PBN deployment are necessary.
  • ANSPs must account for various environmental challenges.
  • Noise-sensitive areas should be identified and accommodated for in procedure design.

RPAS and UAS

  • Integration of RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems) into controlled airspace is expected.
  • Smaller RPAS operations below 500 feet AGL may be excluded from controlled airspace parameters (though this varies between States).
  • Larger RPAS may have the capability for TSO certification.
  • Barometric altimetry (used for vertical separation) is an equipage issue for smaller vehicles.

Conclusions

  • PBN will continue to improve capacity, safety, and efficiency in airspace.
  • ANSPs and stakeholders will benefit from the continued progress of PBN.
  • Ongoing collaboration with ICAO, IATA, and ACI is anticipated.

Acronyms

  • (A list of acronyms and their associated meanings, used throughout the report)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Performance-Based Navigation for ANSPs: Concept 2030 PDF

Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) as outlined by the CANSO Performance-Based Navigation Workgroup. Gain insights into the importance of PBN in the aviation industry and its implementation challenges for Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs). Explore the role of various contributors and the future of PBN technologies and services.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser