Performance-Based Navigation Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary benefit of RNP performance assurance in the context of airspace capacity?

  • It provides optimised separation standards between routes. (correct)
  • It allows for unlimited air traffic in crowded airspaces.
  • It reduces the need for advanced navigation systems.
  • It simplifies aircraft separation procedures.

    • Which of the following is identified as the basic design standard for STARs and SIDs?

  • RNP 5
  • RNP 1 (correct)
  • RNAV 1
  • A-RNP

    • How will ATC engage with airspace users during flight?

  • By enforcing strict navigation protocols.
  • By allowing requests for static routing.
  • By collaboratively developing trajectory options. (correct)
  • By providing non-stop communication.

    • What is one characteristic of the scalable A-RNP capabilities mentioned?

    <p>They may be required on specific segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the aim of user-preferred trajectories in navigation?

    <p>They will serve as the primary method of navigation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What operational mode allows for non-GNSS aircraft to continue using the same procedures?

    <p>Fail-down mode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of departure routing, what advantage does RNP performance provide?

    <p>More design options for departures with parallel turns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of implementing vertical path constraints in air traffic?

    <p>To enable greater aircraft separation assurance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the publication discussed?

    <p>Performance-Based Navigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is acknowledged for its role in producing the concept?

    <p>CANSO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym PBN stand for in the context of air navigation?

    <p>Performance-Based Navigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant period does CANSO suggest to consider for planning future navigation infrastructure?

    <p>15 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chapter in the document addresses safety issues?

    <p>Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is mentioned in the contents related to navigation?

    <p>Remote Piloted Aircraft Systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organization is CANSO primarily associated with?

    <p>Air Navigation Service Providers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of PBN is considered a key priority for the ICAO?

    <p>Performance-Based Navigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the publication?

    <p>To offer guidance for implementing PBN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the publication besides performance-based navigation?

    <p>Environmental and Community Considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intention behind using NPA during high demand operations?

    <p>To avoid complex operations wherever possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the status of H-ARAIM by the year 2025?

    <p>It will be available with improved receiver performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By 2030, which of the following is expected in aviation navigation regarding APV?

    <p>It will be the baseline approach capability in suitable conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the inclusion of vertical guidance in APV primarily aim to mitigate?

    <p>The risk of controlled flight into terrain (CFIT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected availability timeline for V-ARAIM technology?

    <p>Post-2030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the significant advantages of APV according to ICAO Resolution A37-11?

    <p>It provides three-dimensional approach operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of SBAS localizer performance with vertical guidance (LPV)?

    <p>It supports decision height capability at LPV 200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach technology is expected to be increasingly used for environmental reasons?

    <p>RNP AR APCH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily expected to focus aircraft noise impacts in the creation or modification of PBN flight procedures?

    <p>Concentrated flight paths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should ANSPs use to ensure community involvement in instrument flight procedure projects?

    <p>Guiding principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the expected management of very low-level operations by smaller RPAS?

    <p>UAS Traffic Management System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge faced by smaller RPAS regarding certification by 2030?

    <p>Technical standard order (TSO) certification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addressing public concerns regarding PBN deployment, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an important aspect?

    <p>Providing unlimited operational capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might larger RPAS have an advantage over smaller RPAS in terms of navigation capability?

    <p>They can accommodate TSO certified equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary cause for the difficulty in demonstrating required performance for PBN approval criteria for RPAS?

    <p>Inability to achieve TSO certification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in the early engagement process with the community for PBN deployments?

    <p>Clear and transparent communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS)?

    <p>To serve as a regional infrastructure for navigation assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following GNSS constellations is NOT classified as a core constellation?

    <p>IRNSS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does SBAS particularly provide in the approach domain?

    <p>Geometric vertical guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the emerging capability for SBAS systems by 2030?

    <p>Dual frequency SBAS capability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant goal of the Marine Conductivity Data Framework (MCDF) in relation to SBAS?

    <p>To enable maximum GNSS benefits for PBN services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which issue is being addressed through the implementation of dual frequency SBAS?

    <p>Data integrity and accuracy concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CFIT stand for in the context of SBAS?

    <p>Controlled Flight Into Terrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the implementation of SBAS?

    <p>Implementation is at the discretion of individual states and regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of world air traffic is supported by CANSO Members?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of CANSO Members?

    <p>To improve air navigation services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CANSO represents Members’ views to which international organization?

    <p>International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Full Members does CANSO have?

    <p>87</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the status of CANSO in relation to the International Civil Aviation Organization?

    <p>Official Observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organizations are included in the extensive network of CANSO's Associate Members?

    <p>Various entities from across the aviation industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which member is associated with air navigation services in Kosovo?

    <p>Air Navigation Services Agency of Kosovo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can one find information about joining CANSO?

    <p>canso.org/join-canso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Acknowledgements

    • This publication was created by the CANSO Performance-Based Navigation Workgroup.
    • Key contributors include Jeff Cochrane (NAV CANADA), Brendan Kelly (NATS), Phil Rakena (Airways New Zealand), and Jeff Williams (Tetratech AMT).
    • Other valuable contributors are Scott Blum (Jeppesen), Dave Joubert (ATNS), Simon Young (Airservices Australia), Robert Novia (FAA), Mike Sammartino (CGH Technologies), and various other CANSO PBN WG members.

    Foreword

    • Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) is the highest air navigation priority for ICAO.
    • PBN is a key element of ICAO's Aviation System Block Upgrades (ASBU).
    • PBN has improved airspace efficiency worldwide for several years.
    • CANSO recognizes the need for greater support in future PBN implementation, across a 15-year lifespan.
    • The document outlines current and future PBN-related technologies/services.
    • Identifying potential implementation issues for ANSPs is a key goal.
    • The document aims to help CANSO Members with future PBN planning by highlighting relevant capabilities and resources.

    Executive Summary

    • The report provides an ANSP perspective on performance-based navigation (PBN) through 2030.
    • PBN is integral to the "perfect flight" concept, linked to communication, navigation, surveillance, and air traffic management (CNS/ATM).
    • PBN offers safety and efficiency through optimized ATM routing/ATFM.
    • The 15-year replacement cycle for aviation technology is typical, placing emphasis on preparation for future needs.
    • Multiple stakeholders need significant support, guidance, and preparation for the PBN implementation as required.
    • Multiple documents, associations, and resources contribute to the creation of this document.
    • Long-term planning and review will be needed for this vision.
    • Key partners have been considered in the report's creation (e.g. ICAO, SESAR, NextGen, IATA).

    Operational Vision

    • PBN improves airspace efficiency and capacity across FIR boundaries.
    • PBN will be used in lateral, vertical, or time-based navigation.
    • Navigation performance supports expanded communication, surveillance, and required air traffic infrastructure.
    • The transition to PBN moves from traditional route navigation to more flexible point-to-point area navigation.
    • Oceanic/Remote Continental: RNP 2, expected transition.
    • Oceanic/Remote Continental navigation will leverage satellite constellations for enhanced availability.
    • Expected increase in airspace capacity in oceanic/remote regions.
    • En Route: All operations (likely) expected to use PBN by 2030.
    • PBN will likely replace RNP 4 and RNAV 10 procedures.

    PBN Navigational Infrastructure

    • GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) core satellite constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou,) will be in place.
    • Multi-constellation GBAS (Ground-Based Augmentation System) expected to be used for CAT I, II, and III operations.
    • Increased capability in weather, obstacle, and clearance applications are expected.
    • Data management with SWIM (System Wide Information Management) and open data standards (e.g. AIXM).
    • The integrity and compatibility of various data sources/standards (e.g., FMS, FMS applications) will be improved.
    • The use of contingency navigation solutions/improved GNSS signal resilience will allow for more robust systems.
    • Continued development of new contingency solutions is projected

    Safety

    • States are implementing PBN-based approach procedures with vertical guidance (APV) to support greater safety across all runways.
    • The expected transition is to RNP approaches (in line with Assembly Resolution A37-11).
    • RNP approaches lead to fewer disruption periods (due to weather or other factors)
    • Navigation specifications, flight procedures, new separation standards, and contingency procedures support safety.

    Environmental and Community Considerations

    • PBN flight planning needs to be ecologically considerate of noise impacts, particularly in sensitive areas (residential, educational, or religious sites)
    • Public consultation and engagement on PBN deployment are necessary.
    • ANSPs must account for various environmental challenges.
    • Noise-sensitive areas should be identified and accommodated for in procedure design.

    RPAS and UAS

    • Integration of RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems) into controlled airspace is expected.
    • Smaller RPAS operations below 500 feet AGL may be excluded from controlled airspace parameters (though this varies between States).
    • Larger RPAS may have the capability for TSO certification.
    • Barometric altimetry (used for vertical separation) is an equipage issue for smaller vehicles.

    Conclusions

    • PBN will continue to improve capacity, safety, and efficiency in airspace.
    • ANSPs and stakeholders will benefit from the continued progress of PBN.
    • Ongoing collaboration with ICAO, IATA, and ACI is anticipated.

    Acronyms

    • (A list of acronyms and their associated meanings, used throughout the report)

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    Related Documents

    Performance-Based Navigation for ANSPs: Concept 2030 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) as outlined by the CANSO Performance-Based Navigation Workgroup. Gain insights into the importance of PBN in the aviation industry and its implementation challenges for Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs). Explore the role of various contributors and the future of PBN technologies and services.

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