History of PBN (Performance-Based Navigation)

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Questions and Answers

What does PBN stand for?

Precision Based Navigation

Preferred Broadcasting Navigation

Point-to-Point Based Navigation

Performance Based Navigation (correct)

What is the primary difference between traditional navigation and PBN?

PBN is based on performance while traditional navigation is based on sensors (correct)

PBN is used for military aircraft while traditional navigation is used for commercial aircraft

PBN is used for domestic flights while traditional navigation is used for international flights

PBN uses GPS while traditional navigation uses radar

What is the combination of RNAV and RNP known as?

Required Navigation Performance

Area Navigation

Point-to-Point Navigation

Performance Based Navigation (correct)

What is one of the benefits of PBN?

Optimized use of airspace Signup and view all the answers

What is RNP?

Required Navigation Performance Signup and view all the answers

What is added to RNAV with the implementation of RNP?

On Board Monitoring & Alerting Signup and view all the answers

What is the 3D-aspect of PBN navigation?

Continuous and engine idle descent Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative navigation technique that PBN provides to?

Point-to-point navigation using ground-based stations only Signup and view all the answers

What was the main issue with the RNP concept introduced in the 1990s?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the proliferation of national standards for RNP?

Increased cost to operators Signup and view all the answers

What does RNP stand for?

Required Navigation Performance Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the definition of RNP according to Doc 9613?

Navigation performance accuracy Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the definition of RNP according to Doc 9650?

Navigation performance accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the RNP concept on the stakeholder community?

Confusion and uncertainty Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of PBN integrity?

To prevent the aircraft from transgressing the containment limit without alert Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum error limit for an RNP system with a 95% probability?

1 x RNP Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of PBN continuity?

Preventing navigation signal loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of PBN availability?

To ensure navigation signals are available when needed Signup and view all the answers

When was the 4th edition of the PBN manual released?

2014 Signup and view all the answers

What is the RNP concept based on?

Navigation performance by reference to MASPS Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability of transgressing the containment limit without alert for RNP?

10^(-7) per hour Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of RNP?

To define navigation performance requirements Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

History of PBN

RNP concept was introduced in the 1990s, defining navigation performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined airspace.
However, the RNP concept was insufficient, lacking specification of the relationship between RNAV and RNP, and the need for an RNAV system.

Insufficiencies of RNP

Focused on oceanic and remote area applications, with no specific guidelines for continental en-route, terminal, and approach applications.
Led to the proliferation of national standards, a wide variety of functional requirements, and different navigation sensors, resulting in a lack of global harmonization.

Consequences of RNP Insufficiencies

Operators had to qualify multiple times to operate in 'RNP' airspace, where the RNP 'value' was the same, resulting in increased costs.
Confusion in the stakeholder community, with uncertainty about what RNP meant.

PBN Definition

PBN stands for "Performance-Based Navigation", redefining the aircraft's required navigation capability from sensor-based to performance-based.
Navigation procedures as an alternative to point-to-point navigation techniques using ground-based stations only.
Combination of RNAV + RNP, incorporating a 3D aspect to navigation (continuous and engine idle descent).

ICAO's PBN Standardization

RNAV with no alert to pilot, and RNP with alert to pilot.
Route width and route centerline are defined.

PBN Manual

Volume I: Concept and Implementation Guidance.
Volume II: Implementing RNAV and RNP.
4th edition released in 2014, introducing new operations.

RNP Concept

RNP concept is based on navigation performance by reference to MASPS (DO-236/ED-75).
RNP requirements include accuracy, integrity, and continuity.
Accuracy: Aircraft must remain within accuracy limit 95% of flight time (maximum TSE with 95% probability ≤ 1xRNP).
Integrity: Probability of transgressing the containment limit set at 2 x RNP without alert must be less than a specified value.

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Description

Learn about the concept of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) introduced in the 1990s, including its navigation performance accuracy and requirements for operation within a defined airspace.