Perception and Decision-Making

Which of the following best describes perception?

An individual's personality is not a factor influencing perception.

According to the factors that influence perception, what is the role of 'context'?

__________ is the process of making judgments about others or the perception people form about each other.

Match the components of Attribution Theory with their descriptions:

What does Attribution Theory primarily attempt to determine about an individual's behavior?

High consistency always leads to an external attribution of behavior.

In Attribution Theory, how does high consensus affect the attribution of behavior?

The __________ is the tendency to overestimate personal causes of others' behavior and underestimate the impact of situational factors.

Match the following attribution errors to their descriptions:

What is self-serving bias?

Perception plays no role in individual decision making.

How is perception related to the recognition of a 'problem' in the context of decision making?

In the context of decision making, a problem is often described as a __________ issue because its identification depends on individual interpretation.

Match the following decision-making models with their descriptions:

A decision maker who identifies all relevant options in an unbiased manner and chooses the option with the highest utility is using which model?

Bounded rationality requires a decision-maker to have complete information about all possible options.

What is the primary difference between 'rational decision making' and 'bounded rationality'?

Unlike rational decision making, bounded rationality aims to __________ rather than optimize.

What are the steps in rational decision making?

Intuitive decision making relies primarily on analytical data and logical reasoning.

What is the main characteristic of intuitive decision making?

__________ decision making is characterized as an unconscious process created out of distilled experiences.

Match the following biases with their definitions:

What is the 'overconfidence bias' in decision making?

Anchoring bias occurs when a decision-maker gives too little weight to the initial information received.

What does 'anchoring bias' refer to in decision-making processes?

The __________ is the tendency to fixate on initial information, from which one then fails to adequately adjust for subsequent information.

Selectively gathering information that supports existing views is an example of which bias:

Escalation of commitment is reduced when clear evidence suggests that a decision is correct.

What is escalation of commitment in decision making?

__________ is the tendency in staying with a decision despite clear evidence that it is wrong.

Which of the following biases involves selectively gathering information that supports pre-existing views?

Rational decision-making involves constructing simplified models to extract the essential features from the situation.

In the steps of rational decision making, what follows the identification of decision criteria?

The rational decision-making model is a model that assumes that the decision maker has __________.

In Attribution Theory, a behavior is attributed to internal causes when:

The final step of the rational decision-making model is to develop alternatives.

Provide a few examples of common errors and biases in decisions.

In the rational decision making model, __________ weights to the criteria comes after identifying decision criteria.