People as Resource - Chapter Overview

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Questions and Answers

What primarily contributes to higher incomes in a population?

Lower costs of living

Government subsidies

Inheritance and wealth transfer

Higher productivity from education and health (correct)

How can a growing population be transformed into a productive asset?

By relying solely on automation in industries

By reducing workforce training programs

By investing in human capital through education and health (correct)

By increasing the retirement age

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of human capital?

Spending on education and health services (correct)

Encouragement of urbanization

Utilization of natural resources

Investment in machinery and tools

What is a potential benefit of training workers in modern technology?

Increased production efficiency Signup and view all the answers

In the story of Sakal, what role does he play in his household?

He helps his mother with domestic chores. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities would be categorized as an economic activity?

Vilas sells fish in the village market. Signup and view all the answers

What describes the employment characteristics in the informal sector?

Irregular income and lack of social security systems. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is majorly responsible for determining an individual's earnings in the market?

Education and skill formation. Signup and view all the answers

Which sector do activities like teaching and medicine primarily attract individuals?

Organised sector. Signup and view all the answers

What is a major challenge faced by women in the workforce based on the given information?

Low education levels leading to low-skilled jobs. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'human capital formation'?

Investing in the education and health of people to enhance their productivity. Signup and view all the answers

How does India's Green Revolution illustrate the concept of human capital?

It showcased the impact of improved knowledge and techniques on agricultural productivity. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'people as resource' emphasize?

The potential contributions of the workforce to economic growth. Signup and view all the answers

Why is investment in human capital considered beneficial?

It leads to significant and sustainable increases in productivity over time. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT a component of human capital as described?

Material ownership and wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What was Vilas forced to do to support his family?

Sell fish like his mother Signup and view all the answers

What do investments in human resources aim to achieve?

High rates of return in the future Signup and view all the answers

Which sector includes activities like agriculture and fishing?

Primary sector Signup and view all the answers

How does Total Productivity influence economic growth?

By increasing individual earnings through improved productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an activity in the tertiary sector?

Banking Signup and view all the answers

What motivates poor people to engage in various activities?

Forced economic conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which sector is the most labor-absorbing among the options listed?

Small-scale manufacturing Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant trend in the tertiary sector mentioned in the content?

Emergence of new services Signup and view all the answers

What was the family's decision regarding one of their sons?

To attend an agriculture college Signup and view all the answers

How did families in the village meet their basic needs?

Through self-sufficiency in production Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of People as Resource

Population viewed as an economic asset when invested through education, training, and health services.
Human capital consists of the skills and knowledge that improve productivity.
Investment in human capital can yield higher economic returns similar to investment in physical capital.

Economic Contribution of Population

Population recognized as a 'human resource' contributing to Gross National Product (GNP).
Viewing population positively encourages focus on productivity, not just challenges like food and education needs.
Human capital formation enhances the productive capacity of the workforce.

Case Studies: Sakal and Vilas

Sakal benefited from education, enhancing labor quality, leading to higher productivity and income.
Vilas, lacking education, remained in low-skill, low-income jobs, illustrating the impact of human capital on economic opportunities.

Economic Activities Classification

Economic activities categorized into three sectors:
- Primary Sector: Agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining.
- Secondary Sector: Manufacturing industries.
- Tertiary Sector: Services like trade, transportation, and education.

Importance of Education and Skills

Education enhances the ability to utilize economic opportunities effectively.
Women face challenges like low education and job security, resulting in lower wages compared to men.
Higher education and skills enable women to earn wages comparable to men, especially in organized sectors like teaching and medicine.

Economic Status of Women

Many women work in sectors without job security and basic facilities.
The labor market often forces poor individuals, including women, into any available work to meet subsistence needs.
Lack of options and irregular income characterize employment within the informal sector.

Collective Community Efforts

Villages can thrive when families work together, meet needs through self-sufficiency, and pursue education, such as sending members to vocational training.
Community development relies on collective investment in education and skills for agricultural advancements.

New Economic Opportunities

Emerging sectors like biotechnology and information technology demonstrate growth in labor-absorbing industries in the tertiary sector.
Investments in education and training help adapt to evolving market demands and job opportunities.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the chapter 'People as Resource', highlighting the significance of population as a potential resource for economic growth. It discusses India's Green Revolution as a case study, demonstrating how enhanced knowledge and technology lead to improved productivity.