Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Why is GSH essential for normal RBC structure?

  • To keep hemoglobin in the ferric state
  • To promote the synthesis of nucleic acids
  • To increase susceptibility to hemolysis
  • To detoxify peroxides (correct)

What is the significance of CO2 produced from the pentose phosphate pathway?

  • Promotes RBC synthesis
  • Utilized for CO2 fixation reactions (correct)
  • Enhances ATP production
  • Increases susceptibility to hemolysis

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of low levels of GSH?

  • Pale skin
  • Black urine (correct)
  • Low platelet count
  • Jaundice

Which factor strongly inhibits glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)?

<p>Increased NADPH levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What induces the synthesis of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase after a high carbohydrate meal?

<p>Increased insulin/glucagon ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency?

<p>Favism, an X-linked disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway produces CO2 as a byproduct?

<p>HMP pathway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an occurrence of the HMP pathway?

<p>Active in liver, adipose tissue, and pancreas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway utilizes ATP as well as produces it?

<p>Glycolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological significance of the HMP pathway?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which form are intermediates found in the HMP pathway?

<p>Mono or bisphosphate forms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of decreased G6PD activity in red blood cells?

<p>Accumulation of methemoglobin and peroxides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which triggers can lead to the development of acute hemolytic anemia in individuals with G6PD deficiency?

<p>Certain antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between G6PD deficiency and malaria?

<p>Resistance to malaria infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coenzyme is required by the enzyme Transketolase during the non-oxidative phase?

<p>Thiamine pyrophosphate (vitamin B1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of measuring R.B.C Transketolase activity?

<p>As an index of thiamine status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is Wernicke's encephalopathy commonly seen?

<p>In alcoholics or those with chronic thiamine deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADPH in preventing Met-Hemoglobinemia?

<p>Maintaining iron in hemoglobin in the reduced state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function does reduced glutathione (GSH) serve in cells?

<p>Serving as a reductant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism by which glutathione protects cells against highly reactive oxygen derivatives?

<p>Regenerates GSH from its oxidized form (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way is NADPH involved in the process of protecting cells against ROS?

<p>Destroying hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl free radicals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Glutathione (GSH)?

<p>Glutamate, cysteine, glycine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does reduced glutathione (GSH) play in maintaining the normal reduced state of RBCs?

<p>Maintaining cysteine residues in hemoglobin and other proteins in a reduced state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the oxidative non-reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

<p>Ribulose 5-p (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the transfer of the 2-C fragment during the HMP-Shunt pathway?

<p>Transketolase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What compound is converted back to Glucose 6-p in the non-oxidative reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

<p>Ribulose 5-p (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule can enter the glycolytic pathway through the pentose pathway?

<p>Erythrose 4-phosphate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecules are generated by the oxidative non-reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

<p>NADPH + H+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in dehydrogenation and decarboxylation during the first phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

<p>Glucose 6Pdehydrogenase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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