Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) Quiz

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Why is GSH essential for normal RBC structure?

To keep hemoglobin in the ferric state

To promote the synthesis of nucleic acids

To increase susceptibility to hemolysis

To detoxify peroxides (correct)

What is the significance of CO2 produced from the pentose phosphate pathway?

Promotes RBC synthesis

Utilized for CO2 fixation reactions (correct)

Enhances ATP production

Increases susceptibility to hemolysis

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of low levels of GSH?

Pale skin

Black urine (correct)

Low platelet count

Jaundice

Which factor strongly inhibits glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)?

Increased NADPH levels Signup and view all the answers

What induces the synthesis of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase after a high carbohydrate meal?

Increased insulin/glucagon ratio Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency?

Favism, an X-linked disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway produces CO2 as a byproduct?

HMP pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an occurrence of the HMP pathway?

Active in liver, adipose tissue, and pancreas Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway utilizes ATP as well as produces it?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological significance of the HMP pathway?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

In which form are intermediates found in the HMP pathway?

Mono or bisphosphate forms Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of decreased G6PD activity in red blood cells?

Accumulation of methemoglobin and peroxides Signup and view all the answers

Which triggers can lead to the development of acute hemolytic anemia in individuals with G6PD deficiency?

Certain antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between G6PD deficiency and malaria?

Resistance to malaria infection Signup and view all the answers

Which coenzyme is required by the enzyme Transketolase during the non-oxidative phase?

Thiamine pyrophosphate (vitamin B1) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of measuring R.B.C Transketolase activity?

As an index of thiamine status Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is Wernicke's encephalopathy commonly seen?

In alcoholics or those with chronic thiamine deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADPH in preventing Met-Hemoglobinemia?

Maintaining iron in hemoglobin in the reduced state Signup and view all the answers

Which function does reduced glutathione (GSH) serve in cells?

Serving as a reductant Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism by which glutathione protects cells against highly reactive oxygen derivatives?

Regenerates GSH from its oxidized form Signup and view all the answers

In what way is NADPH involved in the process of protecting cells against ROS?

Destroying hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl free radicals Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Glutathione (GSH)?

Glutamate, cysteine, glycine Signup and view all the answers

What role does reduced glutathione (GSH) play in maintaining the normal reduced state of RBCs?

Maintaining cysteine residues in hemoglobin and other proteins in a reduced state Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the oxidative non-reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Ribulose 5-p Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the transfer of the 2-C fragment during the HMP-Shunt pathway?

Transketolase Signup and view all the answers

What compound is converted back to Glucose 6-p in the non-oxidative reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Ribulose 5-p Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule can enter the glycolytic pathway through the pentose pathway?

Erythrose 4-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What molecules are generated by the oxidative non-reversible phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

NADPH + H+ Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in dehydrogenation and decarboxylation during the first phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Glucose 6Pdehydrogenase Signup and view all the answers