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Questions and Answers
What does the term 'Peninsulares' refer to?
Who are the Creoles?
Spaniards born in Latin America
Who was Jose de San Martin?
Leader in winning independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile
What role did Jose Maria Morelos play in Mexican history?
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What does the term 'Mulatto' describe?
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Who was Simon Bolivar?
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Who was Miguel Hidalgo?
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Study Notes
Social Hierarchy in Spanish Colonies
- Peninsulares: Individuals born in Spain; exclusively held political office, representing the highest social class in colonial Latin America.
- Creoles: Spanish descendants born in Latin America; ranked below peninsulares and excluded from high-level political positions.
Key Figures in Latin American Independence
- Jose de San Martin: Argentine-born leader; played a crucial role in securing independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile; served as protector of Peru during its early independence.
- Jose Maria Morelos: Successor to Miguel Hidalgo; led the Mexican independence movement starting in 1811, building on Hidalgo's foundation.
- Simon Bolivar: Prominent leader in the struggle for independence of several South American nations from Spanish rule; known as "El Libertador."
Cultural and Ethnic Diversity
- Mulatto: Term for individuals of mixed African and European descent, commonly used in Spanish and Portuguese colonies, reflecting the racial diversity of colonial societies.
Early Movements for Independence
- Miguel Hidalgo: A Mexican priest who sparked the independence movement by rallying peasants; advocated for social reforms including improved living conditions and greater independence from Spanish authority.
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Description
Explore key terms and figures related to the complex social structure of colonial Latin America with this quiz. Understand the roles of Peninsulares and Creoles, as well as notable leaders like Jose de San Martin and Jose Maria Morelos. Perfect for students studying Latin American history.
