Peninsulares and Latin American Independence
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Peninsulares' refer to?

  • People born in Spain (correct)
  • Leaders of revolts
  • Mixed African and European descent
  • Spaniards born in Latin America
  • Who are the Creoles?

    Spaniards born in Latin America

    Who was Jose de San Martin?

    Leader in winning independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile

    What role did Jose Maria Morelos play in Mexican history?

    <p>Led Mexican rebels against the Spanish after Miguel Hidalgo in 1811</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Mulatto' describe?

    <p>Someone of mixed African and European descent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Simon Bolivar?

    <p>Leader of the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Miguel Hidalgo?

    <p>Mexican priest who led peasants in a call for independence and improved conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Hierarchy in Spanish Colonies

    • Peninsulares: Individuals born in Spain; exclusively held political office, representing the highest social class in colonial Latin America.
    • Creoles: Spanish descendants born in Latin America; ranked below peninsulares and excluded from high-level political positions.

    Key Figures in Latin American Independence

    • Jose de San Martin: Argentine-born leader; played a crucial role in securing independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile; served as protector of Peru during its early independence.
    • Jose Maria Morelos: Successor to Miguel Hidalgo; led the Mexican independence movement starting in 1811, building on Hidalgo's foundation.
    • Simon Bolivar: Prominent leader in the struggle for independence of several South American nations from Spanish rule; known as "El Libertador."

    Cultural and Ethnic Diversity

    • Mulatto: Term for individuals of mixed African and European descent, commonly used in Spanish and Portuguese colonies, reflecting the racial diversity of colonial societies.

    Early Movements for Independence

    • Miguel Hidalgo: A Mexican priest who sparked the independence movement by rallying peasants; advocated for social reforms including improved living conditions and greater independence from Spanish authority.

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    Description

    Explore key terms and figures related to the complex social structure of colonial Latin America with this quiz. Understand the roles of Peninsulares and Creoles, as well as notable leaders like Jose de San Martin and Jose Maria Morelos. Perfect for students studying Latin American history.

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