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Penicillins: Origin and Clinical Use

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Questions and Answers

What are the two purified compounds of penicillin in clinical use?

Penicillin M and penicillin P

Penicillin A and penicillin B

Penicillin G and penicillin H

Penicillin G and penicillin V (correct)

How are most penicillins in clinical use synthesized?

By yeast fermentation

By Penicillium chrysogenum using deep tank fermentation (correct)

By Aspergillus moulds

By chemical synthesis only

What was a significant characteristic of penicillins when they were first introduced?

They caused allergic reactions in most patients

They were effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci (correct)

They were effective only against viruses

They were ineffective against bacteria

Why have many types of bacteria developed resistance to penicillins?

Due to overuse and misuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical route of administration for penicillin V?

Oral Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganisms were some of the first to be effectively treated by penicillins?

Staphylococci Signup and view all the answers

Which type of administration is specifically mentioned for penicillin V?

Oral administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of penicillins in clinical use today?

Penicillium chrysogenum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common method of production for penicillins?

Fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What has been a consequence of extensive use of penicillins?

Development of resistance in many types of bacteria Signup and view all the answers