Pelvic Tilt and Its Effects on the Spine and Hip Joints

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Questions and Answers

What occurs to the pelvic inlet when nutation occurs?

It becomes irregular in shape

It becomes larger (correct)

It remains the same

It becomes smaller

What type of tilt occurs with trunk extension?

Posterior tilt (correct)

Nutation

Anterior tilt

Lateral tilt

Which muscle groups act as force couples to tilt the pelvis?

Spinal extensors and hip flexors

Lumbar trunk extensors and hip abductors

Abdominals and gluteus maximus

Spinal flexors and hip extensors (correct)

What occurs to the pelvis during hip flexion in an open kinematic chain?

Anterior roll and posterior glide Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of anterior pelvic tilt in a closed kinematic chain?

Roll and glide anteriorly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles pulls up anteriorly to tilt the pelvis posteriorly?

Abdominals Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the lumbar region of the vertebral column when a person with a hip flexion contracture stands in the upright position?

It becomes hyperextended Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a person with tight hamstrings when standing?

Pelvis tilts posteriorly and lumbar curve becomes flattened Signup and view all the answers

What is the axis of rotation for lateral pelvic tilt?

Anteroposterior axis Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of left pelvic tilt?

The right side of the pelvis is elevated higher than the left side Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of pelvic shift?

The pelvis can only drop Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of forward rotation of the pelvis?

The non-weight bearing side is swinging forward Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hip joint when the pelvis tilts anteriorly?

It flexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the two weight-bearing feet and the pelvis during pelvic shift?

Closed chain Signup and view all the answers

During right forward rotation of the pelvis, what occurs at the left hip?

Left hip medial rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of nutation on the pelvic outlet?

It becomes larger Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is involved in hip hiking?

Quadratus lumborum Signup and view all the answers

During left backward rotation of the pelvis, what happens to the left ASIS?

It moves backward of the right ASIS Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of the pelvis on the weight-bearing hip joint?

Pelvic rotation Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during counternutation?

The base of the sacrum moves posteriorly and superiorly Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hip hiking during walking with a long leg cast or brace?

To assist the foot in clearing the floor during the swing phase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of right backward rotation of the pelvis?

Left hip lateral rotation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pelvic Tilt

Anterior pelvic tilt: lumbar portion of the vertebral column goes into hyperextension, while the hip joints flex.
Posterior pelvic tilt: lumbar region becomes flattened, and hip joints extend.

Lateral Pelvic Tilt

Lateral pelvic tilt is a frontal plane motion of the entire pelvis around an anteroposterior axis.
In a normally aligned pelvis, a line through the anterior superior iliac spines is horizontal.
In lateral tilt, one hip joint is the pivot point or axis for motion of the opposite side of the pelvis.
Left pelvic tilt: right side of the pelvis is elevated higher than the left side.
Right pelvic tilt: left side of the pelvis is elevated higher than the right side.

Lateral Shift of the Pelvis

With pelvic shift, the pelvis cannot hike; it can only drop.
Both hip joints will move in the frontal plane in a predictable way as the pelvic tilt (or pelvic shift) occurs.

Forward and Backward Rotation of the Pelvis

Forward rotation of the pelvis: the non-weight bearing side is swinging forward, moving the ASIS of the non-weight bearing side forward.
Backward rotation of the pelvis: the non-weight bearing side is swinging backward, moving the ASIS of the non-weight bearing side backward.

Nutation and Counternutation

Nutation: occurs with trunk flexion, and the pelvic inlet becomes smaller.
Counternutation: occurs with trunk extension, and the pelvic inlet becomes larger.

Muscle Control

The pelvis is moved and controlled by groups of muscles acting as force couples.
4 primary muscle groups influencing pelvis position: spinal extensors, spinal flexors, hip extensors, and hip flexors.

Anterior and Posterior Tilt

To tilt the pelvis anteriorly, the lumbar trunk extensors and hip flexors work together.
To tilt the pelvis posteriorly, the abdominals and gluteus maximus and hamstrings work together.

Open and Closed Kinematic Chain

Open chain: convex femur moves on concave acetabulum.
Closed chain: concave acetabular surface moves on convex femur.

Hip Hiking

Hip hiking: raising the pelvis on the unsupported side, assisted by the quadratus lumborum muscle.
Useful in allowing some pressure relief during sitting and in walking with a long leg cast or brace.