Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following bony structures is NOT part of the os coxae?
Which of the following bony structures is NOT part of the os coxae?
The pelvic inlet is a component of which pelvic region?
The pelvic inlet is a component of which pelvic region?
What is the significance of the iliac crest in clinical practice?
What is the significance of the iliac crest in clinical practice?
Which structure is a depression on the medial surface of the ilium for muscle attachment?
Which structure is a depression on the medial surface of the ilium for muscle attachment?
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Which of these structures is NOT part of the ischium?
Which of these structures is NOT part of the ischium?
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Which ligament connects the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity?
Which ligament connects the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity?
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What bony landmark on the ilium is located superior to the anterior inferior iliac spine?
What bony landmark on the ilium is located superior to the anterior inferior iliac spine?
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The acetabulum is the structure where the three bones of the os coxae meet. What is the other significant purpose of this structure?
The acetabulum is the structure where the three bones of the os coxae meet. What is the other significant purpose of this structure?
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What covers the obturator foramen, leaving only a small canal for vessels and nerve?
What covers the obturator foramen, leaving only a small canal for vessels and nerve?
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Which of the following is not a part of the pubis?
Which of the following is not a part of the pubis?
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At what angle is the pelvic inlet approximately positioned relative to a horizontal line?
At what angle is the pelvic inlet approximately positioned relative to a horizontal line?
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Which joint is formed where the two pubic bones meet?
Which joint is formed where the two pubic bones meet?
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Which muscle groups are attached to the lateral surface of the ilium?
Which muscle groups are attached to the lateral surface of the ilium?
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Study Notes
Pelvic Skeleton Anatomy
- The pelvic skeleton is composed of two hip bones (ossa coxae), the sacrum, and the coccyx.
Pelvic Regions
- The pelvis is divided into two regions:
- False Pelvis (Greater Pelvis): The wider, superior region, often considered part of the abdominal cavity.
- True Pelvis (Lesser Pelvis): The narrower, inferior region, containing the pelvic cavity.
- Pelvic Inlet: The opening at the top of the true pelvis, formed by the pelvic brim.
- Pelvic Cavity: Enclosed by the true pelvis, it houses the bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.
Hip Bone (Os Coxae)
- The os coxae is formed by the fusion of three bones:
- Ilium: The superior portion.
- Ischium: The posteroinferior portion.
- Pubis: The anteroinferior portion.
- These bones meet at the acetabulum, the socket for the head of the femur, forming the hip joint.
Ilium
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Iliac Crest: A prominent ridge along the top of the ilium, level with the L4 vertebra and aortic bifurcation.
- Useful landmark for lumbar punctures (spinal cord ends above this level).
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Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS): A palpable bony projection on the ilium.
- The inguinal ligament attaches here, extending to the pubic tubercle.
- The femoral artery runs midway between the ASIS and pubic tubercle.
- Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS): Located inferior to the ASIS.
- Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS): Located posteriorly on the iliac crest.
- Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS): Located inferior to the PSIS.
- Greater Sciatic Notch: A notch inferior to the PSIS, allowing passage of nerves and blood vessels.
- Iliac Fossa: A depression on the ilium's medial surface, providing attachment for the iliacus muscle.
Ischium
- Ischial Spine: A bony projection on the posteroinferior aspect of the ilium.
- Greater Sciatic Foramen: The opening above the ischial spine.
- Lesser Sciatic Foramen: The opening below the ischial spine.
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Ischial Tuberosity: A large, roughened area inferiorly on the ischium.
- The sacrotuberous ligament connects the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity.
- Sacrospinous Ligament: Connects the sacrum to the ischial spine.
- Ischiopubic Ramus: The continuous bony structure formed by the ischium and pubis.
- Obturator Foramen: A large opening in the ischiopubic ramus, covered by a membrane except for a small canal for the obturator vessels and nerve.
Pubis
- Superior Pubic Ramus: The upper branch of the pubis.
- Inferior Pubic Ramus: The lower branch of the pubis.
- Pubic Body: The central portion of the pubis.
- Pubic Symphysis: The joint where the two pubic bones meet.
- Pubic Tubercle: A palpable projection on the pubis.
Angle of the Pelvis
- The pelvic inlet is angled approximately 50-60 degrees relative to a horizontal line.
- The ASIS and pubic tubercle are on the same vertical plane.
Sacrum and Coccyx
- The sacrum articulates with the 5th lumbar vertebra superiorly and the coccyx inferiorly.
- The sacroiliac joints connect the sacrum to the ilium on each side.
- The coccyx is a small, triangular bone at the end of the vertebral column.
Other Important Features
- Gluteal Muscles: The gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus attach to the ilium's lateral surface.
- Pelvic Walls and Floor: The pelvic cavity is bounded by the pelvic walls and the pelvic floor, formed by muscles. These structures will be discussed in a separate tutorial.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the pelvic skeleton, including the hip bones and their regions. Explore the structures of the false and true pelvis, as well as the details of the os coxae and its components. This quiz is essential for understanding the human pelvis.
