Pediatric Obesity Complications and Nutrition

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for using body mass index to screen children for obesity?

  • To predict obesity-related complications in adulthood (correct)
  • To diagnose undernutrition in obese children
  • To prevent complications associated with enteral or parenteral feedings
  • To assess energy requirements of obese hospitalized children

What is the recommended method for assessing energy requirements of obese hospitalized children?

  • Predictive equations
  • Measuring body fat percentage
  • Fasting blood sample
  • Indirect calorimetry (correct)

What is a potential complication of undernutrition in obese children?

  • Gallbladder disease
  • Energy and protein deprivation (correct)
  • Hypophosphatemia
  • Hyperglycemia

What is a recommended laboratory test for pediatric obese inpatients?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication associated with overzealous nutrition support in obese children?

<p>Hyperglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to recognize obesity in children?

<p>To predict obesity-related complications in adulthood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nutrition support in obese children?

<p>To prevent complications associated with enteral or parenteral feedings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended screening method for pediatric obesity?

<p>Body mass index (BMI) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current limitation of using BMI as a screening method for obesity in children?

<p>It lacks precision at younger ages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between BMI percentile in childhood and adult outcomes?

<p>A BMI ≥95th percentile in childhood predicts adult BMI, obesity, adiposity, and mortality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the grade of evidence supporting the use of BMI as a screening method for obesity in children?

<p>D (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using BMI as a screening method for obesity in children?

<p>It is a measure of relative weight rather than adiposity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for energy provision to pediatric obese inpatients?

<p>Similar to their nonobese counterparts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of studies provide the best available evidence to support the validity of BMI as a screening criterion for obesity in children and adolescents?

<p>Longitudinal studies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Pediatric Obesity

  • Pediatric obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States.
  • Reports of obesity-related complications such as diabetes, sleep apnea, and gallbladder disease are increasing, leading to longer length of stay.

Complications of Pediatric Obesity

  • The origin of pediatric obesity is multifactorial, leading to numerous complications.
  • Complications affect inflammatory processes and nutrient metabolism.
  • Obesity-related complications can affect children even in adulthood.

Defining Obesity

  • BMI (Body Mass Index) is used to screen children for obesity, with a BMI ≥ 95th percentile indicating obesity.
  • The Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend using BMI to define obesity in children aged 2-20 years.

Nutrition Support

  • The role of nutrition support is to prevent complications associated with enteral or parenteral feedings.
  • Undernutrition can result in energy and protein deprivation, while overnutrition can lead to hypophosphatemia and hyperglycemia.

Practice Guidelines

  • BMI is the preferred practical method to screen children for obesity.
  • Pediatric obese inpatients may be at increased nutrition risk, requiring testing for laboratory abnormalities.
  • Energy requirements of obese hospitalized children should be assessed using indirect calorimetry.
  • Goals for energy provision should be similar to those of non-obese counterparts.

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