Pediatric Nursing: Introduction to Childhood Illnesses

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Questions and Answers

Which physical change can children with chronic respiratory illnesses develop due to increased capillary growth in the fingertips?

  • Thickened fingernails
  • Enlarged knuckles
  • Reddened palms
  • Clubbing of the fingers (correct)

What causes a harsher, strident sound on inspiration in individuals with an obstruction at the base of the tongue or in the larynx?

  • Snoring (rhonchi)
  • Stridor (correct)
  • Wheezing
  • Mild crackling sounds

What type of sound occurs if an obstruction is in the lower trachea or bronchioles?

  • Wheezing (correct)
  • Alveolar crackles (rales)
  • Snoring (rhonchi)
  • Stridor

What is the term used for the elongated anteroposterior diameter of the chest seen in children with chronic obstructive lung disease?

<p>Pigeon breast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is heard when the alveoli become fluid-filled due to diminished or absent breath sounds?

<p>Fine crackling sounds (rales) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the loud and hollow sound heard on percussion over lung spaces in individuals with an elongated anteroposterior chest diameter?

<p>Tympanic resonance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a nurse in preparing a child and family for an illness?

<p>Both providing emotional support and information on what to expect throughout the illness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are respiratory disorders more serious in children than in adults?

<p>Because children's respiratory tracts are smaller and therefore more likely to become obstructed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of respiratory disorders in children?

<p>From minor illnesses such as upper respiratory tract infections to life-threatening lower respiratory tract diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do parents need nursing support when their child has a respiratory disorder?

<p>Because respiratory disorders can be difficult to evaluate and may change quickly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disorders in children?

<p>To prevent a minor problem from turning into a more serious one (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do very young children react when their breathing becomes labored?

<p>They panic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease is asthma classified as?

<p>Chronic inflammatory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of asthma exacerbations?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of bronchitis?

<p>Nonproductive cough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended prevention method for bronchitis?

<p>Annual flu vaccination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pathogen that causes bronchitis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient with bronchitis?

<p>Monitoring respiratory status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lungs?

<p>Provide oxygen for cellular metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lung sound is best heard on the main stem of the bronchi and bronchioles?

<p>Bronchial sound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the sound of coughing?

<p>Rapid expiratory air movement past the glottis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which abnormal breath sound can be heard in patients with asthma?

<p>Wheezing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Vesicular sound primarily heard?

<p>Alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sound is similar to crumpling paper and is heard during abnormal breath sounds?

<p>Plural friction rub (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary management strategy for rheumatic fever?

<p>Antibiotic therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark symptom of Kawasaki disease?

<p>Strawberry tongue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of management in Kawasaki disease?

<p>Reducing immune response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common age range for rheumatic fever?

<p>6-15 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of endocarditis?

<p>Streptococci (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the anemia caused by a deficiency of folic acid?

<p>Macrocytic anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of anemia?

<p>Skin pallor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best method of administration for iron supplementation?

<p>Parenteral (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for giving Vitamin C with iron supplementation?

<p>To increase absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of iron-deficiency anemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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