Podcast
Questions and Answers
A sonographic examination of a newborn reveals a highly echogenic mass with increased vascularity in the region of the adrenal gland. The adjacent kidney appears displaced. Given the patient's age, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A sonographic examination of a newborn reveals a highly echogenic mass with increased vascularity in the region of the adrenal gland. The adjacent kidney appears displaced. Given the patient's age, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
- Neuroblastoma (correct)
- Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK)
- Adrenal hemorrhage
- Wilms tumor
A pediatric patient is diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). What physiological process is directly affected by this condition?
A pediatric patient is diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). What physiological process is directly affected by this condition?
- Flow of urine from the bladder through the ureters. (correct)
- Reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubules.
- Filtration of blood in the glomeruli.
- Secretion of hormones by the adrenal glands.
What is the expected change in the size of the adrenal glands in a neonate during the first ten days after birth?
What is the expected change in the size of the adrenal glands in a neonate during the first ten days after birth?
- The size will remain stable with no significant change.
- A steady increase in size due to hormonal development.
- A gradual decrease in size, usually over the course of a year.
- A rapid decrease in size to adapt to extrauterine life. (correct)
A renal ultrasound shows mild enlargement of the central area of the renal pelvis. Which of the following conditions could this finding indicate?
A renal ultrasound shows mild enlargement of the central area of the renal pelvis. Which of the following conditions could this finding indicate?
A doctor is reviewing images showing the arterial flow in the kidneys. Which of the following best describes the organization of blood flow through the kidney?
A doctor is reviewing images showing the arterial flow in the kidneys. Which of the following best describes the organization of blood flow through the kidney?
Flashcards
Neuroblastoma in infants
Neuroblastoma in infants
A malignancy commonly found in children under one year old.
Neuroblastoma echogenicity
Neuroblastoma echogenicity
A characteristic of neuroblastoma on ultrasound.
Neuroblastoma vascularity
Neuroblastoma vascularity
A feature indicating increased blood flow within the tumor.
Pelvoectasis
Pelvoectasis
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Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
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Study Notes
- Neuroblastoma of the adrenal gland is the most common malignancy in children under one year.
- Neuroblastoma is highly echogenic.
- Neuroblastoma presents with increased vascularity.
- Neuroblastoma can cause adjacent kidney displacement.
- Mild enlargement of the central area of the renal pelvis that may be confused with hydro is called pelvoectalsis.
- A prominent adrenal size at birth normally decreases rapidly within the first 10 days.
- VUR is an abnormal reflux of urine from the bladder through the ureters.
- The renal artery leads to the segmental artery, the interlobar artery, the arcuate artery, the interlobular artery, and finally, the afferent arteriole and glomerulus.
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