Pediatric Endocrinology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which component of the endocrine system sends chemical messages by means of hormones?

  • The target cells
  • The environment
  • The cells (correct)
  • The blood

    • What is the main function of the endocrine system?

  • Maintaining bone density
  • Regulating metabolic processes (correct)
  • Controlling body temperature
  • Producing red blood cells

    • In the context of diabetes mellitus, what is the key difference between hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic reactions?

  • Hypoglycemic reactions involve low blood sugar levels, while hyperglycemic reactions involve high blood sugar levels (correct)
  • Hypoglycemic reactions are more common in children, while hyperglycemic reactions are more common in adults
  • Hypoglycemic reactions occur in type 2 diabetes, while hyperglycemic reactions occur in type 1 diabetes
  • Hypoglycemic reactions involve high blood sugar levels, while hyperglycemic reactions involve low blood sugar levels

    • What are the manifestations of adrenal hypofunction and hyperfunction primarily related to?

    <p>Metabolic processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor in differentiating GH deficiency from failure to thrive?

    <p>Nourished appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to assess skeletal maturity and may indicate the reversibility of short stature?

    <p>Bone age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for diagnostic evaluation of growth disorders?

    <p>Accurate measurement of height and weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is target height determined in pediatric growth evaluation?

    <p>Using parental heights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to diagnose GH deficiency?

    <p>GH stimulation testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk for patients on GH replacement therapy?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may indicate diminished permanent height if left untreated?

    <p>Extended growth into adulthood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important in growth evaluation for pediatric patients?

    <p>Height velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What declines in subsequent years of GH replacement therapy?

    <p>Growth velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the diagnostic evaluation of growth disorders?

    <p>Radiographic imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to assess the reversibility of short stature?

    <p>Bone age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be indicative of underlying diseases in cases of growth disorders?

    <p>Delayed bone age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the loss of all anterior pituitary hormones, leaving only posterior function intact?

    <p>Panhypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common organic cause of pituitary undersecretion?

    <p>Tumor in the pituitary or hypothalamic region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of growth failure in children?

    <p>Height below 2 standard deviations for age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the diminished or deficient secretion of one or more pituitary hormones?

    <p>Hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inhibits somatic growth in all cells of the body, usually related to growth hormone deficiency?

    <p>Idiopathic hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland releases hormones into the bloodstream?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where not all children with short stature have growth hormone deficiency?

    <p>Familial short stature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypopituitarism can manifest in newborns with symptoms such as apnea, cyanosis, and seizures?

    <p>Congenital hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the absolute height of less than 2 standard deviations for age or consistently low linear growth velocity?

    <p>Growth failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where children with growth hormone deficiency grow normally in the first year, then follow a slowed growth curve below the third percentile, and may appear overweight or obese?

    <p>Idiopathic hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypopituitarism usually inhibits somatic growth in all cells of the body?

    <p>Idiopathic hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where clinical manifestations of pituitary dysfunction depend on the hormones involved and the patient's age?

    <p>Hormone-specific clinical manifestations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary nursing consideration for excessive growth rates?

    <p>Early identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimum time for administering growth hormone (GH) to achieve optimum dosing?

    <p>Bedtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of excess GH before closure of the epiphyseal shafts?

    <p>Overgrowth of long bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of oversecretion of GH after closure of the epiphyseal shafts?

    <p>Acromegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible therapeutic management option for acromegaly?

    <p>Surgical treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do nurses play in the care of children with growth deficiencies?

    <p>Identifying and providing emotional support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may children undergoing hormone replacement therapy require in terms of support?

    <p>Patient self-management education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in the diagnostic evaluation of acromegaly?

    <p>History of excessive growth, evidence of increased GH levels, MRI, and endocrine studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may children with other hormone deficiencies require?

    <p>Replacement therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what rate do children undergoing hormone replacement therapy attain their adult height compared to their peers?

    <p>Slower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of oversecretion of GH after closure of the epiphyseal shafts?

    <p>Acromegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nurses in supporting children and families undergoing hormone replacement therapy?

    <p>Providing education on self-management, injection techniques, and setting realistic expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of precocious puberty?

    <p>Sexual development before age 9 in boys or age 8 in girls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended age for precocious puberty evaluation for a pathological cause in girls?

    <p>Younger than 7 (White) or 6 (Black)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of children with precocious puberty have central precocious puberty (CPP)?

    <p>Approximately 80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the secretion of gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary at the time of puberty?

    <p>Hypothalamic-releasing factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment approach for precocious puberty?

    <p>Directed toward the specific cause, when known</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be the result of central precocious puberty?

    <p>Congenital anomalies, CNS insults, or idiopathic causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of early menarche?

    <p>Increased risk of future breast cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management approach if precocious puberty needs treatment?

    <p>Monthly injections of a synthetic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses in ambulatory settings do regarding children showing excessive linear growth?

    <p>Refer them for medical evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signs should be observed for a tumor in children showing excessive linear growth?

    <p>Headache and evidence of hormonal excess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current trend in the onset of puberty in girls?

    <p>Occurring earlier than previously documented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do children with excessive growth rates need?

    <p>Emotional support and an opportunity to express their thoughts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Precocious Puberty and Growth Screening in Ambulatory Settings

    • Nurses in ambulatory settings should refer children showing excessive linear growth for medical evaluation
    • Signs of a tumor, especially headache and evidence of hormonal excess, should be observed
    • Children with excessive growth rates need emotional support and an opportunity to express their thoughts
    • Precocious puberty is defined as sexual development before age 9 in boys or age 8 in girls
    • Recent studies show the onset of puberty in girls is occurring earlier than previously documented
    • It is recommended that precocious puberty evaluation for a pathological cause be performed for girls younger than 7 (White) or 6 (Black)
    • Early menarche increases the risk of future breast cancer
    • Normally, hypothalamic-releasing factors stimulate secretion of gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary at the time of puberty
    • Approximately 80% of children with precocious puberty have central precocious puberty (CPP)
    • Treatment of precocious puberty is directed toward the specific cause, when known
    • Central precocious puberty may be the result of congenital anomalies, CNS insults, or idiopathic causes
    • Precocious puberty may regress or stop advancing without treatment, but if needed, it can be managed with monthly injections of a synthetic analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone

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    Related Documents

    Chapter 51 - Endocrine Conditions PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on precocious puberty and growth screening in ambulatory settings with this quiz. Learn about the signs, evaluation, and management of precocious puberty, as well as the importance of screening for excessive linear growth in children.

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