Disorders of Pubertal Development

<p>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enlargement and maturation of the gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kisspeptin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Menarche coincides with the peak of the growth spurt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In girls, it is usually idiopathic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constitutional short stature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Postinfectious (e.g., mumps orchitis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12.75 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth of the testes and thinin of scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ovarian tumors and cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Premature adrenarche</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synchronizing puberty with peers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of any pubertal sign by the age of 14 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>consti, malnutr, EE, grwthorme def, gonadotr def, hypopituitarism,brain tumor, kallman prader</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vulvovaginitis, sexual abuse, tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-ray examination of the hand and wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolated early development of breast without other signs of puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synchronizing puberty with peers and acheive norm final height</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klinefelter’s Syndrome = Primary testicular failure Turner Syndrome = Gonadal dysgenesis Constitutional Delay of Puberty = Delayed skeletal maturation Acquired Delayed Puberty = Chemotherapy/Radiation/Surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High levels of LH &amp; FSH = Klinefelter’s Syndrome Elevated testosterone = Complete androgen insensitivity Increased estradiol = Laurence moon Biedl Brain tumors Low levels of TSH = Turner Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Testosterone injection for boys,Oestrogen pills for girls = Short-term hormonal therapy Reassurance for = constitutional pubertal delay Thyroid hormone replacement = L thyroxin Growth hormone administration = leuprolide/goserelin acetate IM</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breast bud (thelarche) = 10-11 years of age Pubic hair (pubarche) = 6-12 months after thelarche Onset of menstrual activity (menarche) = Approximately 12.75 years of age Peak height velocity = Between 11 and 12 years of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth of the testes = 11-12 years of age Thinning of the scrotum = First signs of puberty Peak height velocity = Occurs approximately 2 years later than in females Growth spurt = May continue beyond 18 years of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central (gonadotropin dependent) = Occurs 5-10-fold more frequently in girls than in boys Peripheral (gonadotropin independent) = Involves premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty = Presence of sex steroids is independent of pituitary gonadotropin release Gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty = Usually sporadic and may be idiopathic in 90% of females</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Idiopathic = Central (90% in females, 10% in males) McCune-Albright syndrome = Peripheral Congenital adrenal hyperplasia = Peripheral Hypothyroidism = Central</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Premature thelarche = Isolated breast development without estrogenic stimulation, usually non-progressive Premature adrenarche = Benign self-limiting condition due to early maturation of adrenal androgen secretion Premature menarche = Rare condition, common causes include vulvovaginitis and tumors Incomplete (Partial) Precocious Development = Isolated manifestations without development of other signs of puberty, such as breast development and sexual hair growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-ray examination of hand and wrist = Determines bone age by assessing epiphyseal fusion due to estrogen stimulation Hormonal assay = Assesses sex hormone levels and thyroid function Pelvic ultrasonography in girls = Reveals progressive enlargement of ovaries and possible tumors MRI = May show central nervous system pathology causing precocious puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kisspeptin = Initiates GnRH pulses Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) = Acts on the pituitary gland to release pituitary gonadotropins (FSH, LH) FSH and LH = Acts on the gonads to produce the sex steroid hormones Sex steroid hormones = Responsible for somatic growth and pubertal growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prepubertal stage = Undetectable serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and sex hormones Pubertal stage = Enlargement and maturation of the gonads, and the secretion of sex hormones Postpubertal stage = Full reproductive capacity is attained Early childhood = Dormant hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Precocious puberty = Onset of sexual maturation before the age of 8-9 years in girls and 9 years in boys Delayed puberty = Absence of sexual maturation by age 13 in females and age 14 in males Peripheral precocious puberty = Stimulated by sex steroids or hCG produced by adrenal or gonadal tumors Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism = Elevated FSH and LH levels due to primary gonadal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suppressing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity = Primary goal of treating precocious puberty Promoting somatic growth and sexual maturation = Primary goal of managing delayed puberty Identifying and treating underlying causes such as tumors or genetic disorders = Significant goal in managing pubertal development disorders Preventing psychological distress and social difficulties associated with early or delayed puberty = Significant goal in managing pubertal development disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers