Pediatric Dentistry Quiz on Space Maintainance

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a compensating extraction?

To close primate space

To promote ectopic eruption

To reduce occlusal interference (correct)

To maintain midline shift

Which type of space maintainer is specifically designed for use when a primary tooth is lost and the adjacent permanent tooth has not yet erupted?

Nance

Distal shoe space maintainer (correct)

Lingual arch

Band and loop

What is the best timing for constructing a space maintainer after the extraction of a primary tooth?

Immediately after extraction

Whenever midline shift occurs

Before the extraction and delivered at the appointment (correct)

After waiting for 6 months post-extraction

Which of the following conditions may lead to problems during the mixed dentition stage?

Presence of supernumerary teeth Signup and view all the answers

What happens to space usually after the extraction of a primary tooth if no space maintainer is used?

Space is usually closed within 6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for supernumerary teeth?

Anterior maxilla Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary problem associated with supernumerary teeth?

Preventing eruption of permanent teeth Signup and view all the answers

Which type of supernumerary teeth is typically barrel-shaped and paired?

Tuberculate Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental condition has the highest incidence in relation to hypodontia?

Cleft lip and palate Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence rate of ectopic canines in the general population?

2%-3% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for cleft lip and palate at 3 months of age?

Millard operation Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of tooth development occurs between birth and 6 months?

Predentate stage Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid over the tooth follicle?

Eruption cyst Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can contribute to cleft lip and palate formation?

Teratogenic drugs and folic acid deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the growth pattern of the maxilla during the first five years of life?

It increases greatly Signup and view all the answers

Which dental condition typically involves the emergence of teeth during the second or third months of life?

Precociously erupted primary teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly observed in the primary dentition stage between 6 months to 6 years?

Presence of primage space Signup and view all the answers

What is a major complication associated with precociously erupted primary teeth?

Interference with feeding Signup and view all the answers

What is classified as primary failure of eruption?

Complete failure of eruption mechanism in a tooth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options is NOT a feature of thumb sucking associated with malocclusion?

Posterior open bite Signup and view all the answers

What is important when managing hypomineralized permanent molars?

Preventive treatment such as fluoride application Signup and view all the answers

At what age is the optimum timing for the extraction of lower first molars due to mesial drift potential?

8.5-9.5 years Signup and view all the answers

Which management strategy is NOT recommended at 6 years of age for thumb sucking?

Use of a fixed appliance Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Management of Developing Dentition

Course Outline:
- Primary dentition stage
- Mixed dentition stage
- Stages of tooth development:
  - Prenatal
  - Predentate
  - Primary
  - Secondary
  - Permanent dentition
- Cleft lip and palate:
  - Causes: teratogenic drugs (aspirin, nicotine, anticonvulsants), folic acid deficiency, illness, infection
  - Treatment: multidisciplinary approach (plastic surgery, audiology, speech pathology, otolaryngology, orthodontist, oral MFS, psychologist, geneticist, pediatrician)
Time Table of Management:
- Lip surgery (3 months) - Millard operation
- Hard/soft palate closure (9-12 months) - Langenbeck operation
- Bone grafting (8-11 years)
Curve of Growth:
- Maxilla growth increases significantly from 1-5 years
- Mandible growth increases significantly from 5-18 years
Theory of Growth Control (Functional Matrix Theory):
- Bone growth is influenced by functional needs and soft tissue growth
- Considerations for growth in hydrocephaly and microcephaly.
Predentate Stage (0-6 months):
- Alveolar arches are gum pads at birth
- Anterior open bite is present
- Contact only at molar area
- Maxillary gum pads are wider than mandibular
- Overlapping of maxillary gum pads
- Class 2 tooth arrangement
Precociously Erupted Primary Teeth (pre-erupted teeth): Eruption during the 2nd or 3rd months
Complications: Interference with feeding, risk of aspiration, traumatic injury.
Treatment Options (for Precocious Eruption): Requires precautions if extraction is required.
Eruption Cysts: Fluid accumulation over the tooth follicle prevents eruption
Primary Dentition Stage:
- Begins from 6 months to 6 years
- Primate space: located between the lateral incisor and canine in the maxilla; canine and first molar in mandible (usually deep bite/overjet)
- Problems in Primary Dentition: Hypodontia (missing teeth), Supernumerary teeth (extra teeth), Eruption cysts, Delayed eruption.
Mixed Dentition:
- Eruption of 6-year molars and the replacement of anterior teeth
- "Ugly duckling" stage: malocclusion changes occurring during the eruption of permanent teeth.
- Mesial shift of mandibular first molars to accommodate permanent molars.
Problems in Mixed Dentition:
- Impacted primary molars/ectopic eruption
- Infraoccluded/submerged primary molars
- Midline diastema
- Early loss of deciduous teeth
- Supernumerary/hypodontia
Early Loss of Primary Teeth (Balancing Extraction/Compensating Extraction): Using extractions to maintain occlusal relationships to accommodate future tooth eruption.
Space Maintainers: Used to maintain space for permanent teeth when primary teeth are lost prematurely
Types of Space Maintainers (e.g. Band and loop, Distal shoe, Lingual arch, Nance, Trans-palatal): Different appliance options for maintaining space.
Supernumerary Teeth: Extra, or additional, teeth.
- Occurrence: More common in anterior maxilla; males more frequent than females.
- Causes: Dichotomy of tooth buds, genetic influences, excessive activity of dental lamina.
- Classification: Small peg-shaped (typically near midline), tuberculate (barrel-shaped with no roots) , supplemental (same shape as normal tooth)
- Hypodontia: Developmental absence of one or more teeth, higher proportion in females.
Ectopic Canines: Canines that develop or erupt in unusual locations.
Primary Failure of Eruption: Delayed or complete lack of eruption. The tooth may remain submerged.
2ndary Failure of Eruption: Lack of continued eruption when a tooth has penetrated the mucosa.
Thumb Sucking: can lead to malocclusion (open bite, retroclined incisors, V-shaped arch, increased vertical dimensions)
Management of Thumb Sucking: Non-appliance (gloves, bitter varnish) or appliance (palatal crib or URA)
1st Permanent Molar with Poor Prognosis: Difficulties managing hypomineralized permanent molars (sensitivity, young age of restoration, difficult bonding, unclear/open apex, preventive treatment critical)
Timing of Extraction: Considerations for the optimum extraction ages of upper and lower first permanent molars.
Retained Deciduous Teeth: A tooth that remains through the eruption of the successor or does not erupt in its correct place.
Impacted Deciduous Teeth
Dilaceration: May be due to developmental issues or trauma, causing tooth bend or distortion during growth
Ugly Duckling Stage: Transient (8-10 years old) phase of malocclusion during mixed dentition.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the importance and application of space maintainers in pediatric dentistry. This quiz covers various aspects including types of maintainers, optimal timing for construction after tooth extraction, and complications during the mixed dentition stage. Perfect for dental students or practitioners specializing in children's oral health.