Pediatric CH 31

• The right atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

• The QRS complex segment of the ECG tracing indicates that the ventricles are contracting, sending blood to the body and lungs.

• A 4-year-old child with a high fever that has lasted 6 days, swollen eyes, and a bright red tongue may have Kawasaki disease.

• A neonate experiencing a pressure gradient between the arms and legs when blood pressure is assessed may have coarctation of the aorta (CoA).

• An infant with a fever, sore throat, and a nonitching rash on the trunk and the surfaces of the extremities may have Rheumatic fever.

• For an infant diagnosed with bradycardia, the nurse should review junctional rhythms.

• Hypoxemia best describes a low concentration of oxygen being carried by the hemoglobin on red blood cells (RBC).

• The presence of S3 and S4 heart sounds confirms the suspicions of congenital heart disease in a 3-year-old patient.

• Adequate peripheral perfusion for a child after a cardiac catheterization is indicated by lower extremities that are warm with a capillary refill of less than 3 seconds.

• For an infant with a mild heart defect not undergoing surgical correction for 2 years, discharge teaching should include that the child should maintain normal activity.

• In the plan of care for a 2-month-old infant with a congenital heart defect admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with congestive heart failure (CHF), activities should be organized to allow for uninterrupted sleep.

• When a toddler is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) for cardiac failure, parents should monitor for bradycardia as a manifestation associated with digoxin toxicity.

• Discharge instructions for a pediatric patient recovering from subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) should include the need for prophylactic antibiotics for any dental, oral, or upper respiratory tract procedures.

• A correct parental statement regarding the use of digoxin is, “If a dose is missed, do not give an extra.”

• For a pediatric patient admitted with CHF, the nurse anticipates tachycardia.

• All of the options are common diagnostic procedures for children with cardiac conditions

• For an adolescent with congestive heart failure, no change in daily weight indicates adherence to the prescribed medical regimen.

• A 12-month-old patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected congenital heart disease. Upon assessment, the nurse detects a murmur with a distinct “click” quality may have Pulmonary stenosis

• A correct parental statement regarding the child’s care for a pediatric patient recovering from rheumatic fever is "Treatment can last from 5 to 18 years of age.”

• The priority action the nurse performs to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus for a patient with a cyanotic heart defect, transposition of the great arteries (TGA), is to administer prostaglandin E1 (PGE1).

Tetralogy of Fallot

• Defects of the heart that should be included in the educational session for parents of a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot are: overriding aorta, ventral septal defect, hypertrophic right ventricle, and pulmonary stenosis or atresia.

Tet Spell

• Appropriate nursing actions when providing care to an infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot who is having a “Tet” spell are administering oxygen, placing the child in knee-chest position, and administering IV morphine per prescriber’s order.

Normal Measurements

• For a preschool-aged child, normal heart rate and blood pressure readings include a heart rate of 100 beats per minute, blood pressure of 90/55 mm Hg, and blood pressure of 95/60 mm Hg.

Pulmonary Congestion

• Signs of pulmonary congestion in an 8-year-old child with a congenital heart condition include retractions, crackles, and tachypnea.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

• Findings specific to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) include a systolic heart murmur, fluctuating blood pressures, wide pulse pressure.