Pediatric Cardiac Defects Assessment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a common feature seen in infants with cardiac defects?

  • Blurred vision
  • Excessive hair growth
  • Clubbing of fingers (correct)
  • High-pitched voice

Which vital sign is important to assess in infants with suspected cardiac defects?

  • Respiratory rate (correct)
  • Hair thickness
  • Nail length
  • Skin elasticity

What is a primary cause of cyanosis in infants with cardiac defects?

  • Excessive sunlight exposure
  • Lack of exercise
  • Poor diet
  • Primary parenchymal lung disease (correct)

Which diagnostic test displays the electrical activity of the heart?

<p>ECG (Electrocardiogram) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern when observing a difference in pre and post ductal O2 saturations in an infant?

<p>Heart murmur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is assessing chest deformities important in infants with suspected cardiac defects?

<p>To assess heart size distortion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of immobility on the respiratory system of children?

<p>Loss of respiratory muscles and decreased oxygen demand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a complication that can arise in the cardiovascular system due to immobility?

<p>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and decreased cardiac output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diagnostic method that can be used to find injuries and areas of infection in immobilized children?

<p>CT scan and MRI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common complication for the skin in immobilized children?

<p>Skin breakdown and decreased hygiene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a method recommended for managing bone and muscle injuries in children?

<p>RICE: Rest, Ice, compress, elevate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of immobility on the urinary system of children?

<p>Difficulties voiding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common psychosocial consequence of obesity in children?

<p>Depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is expected to become the leading cause of preventable death, surpassing tobacco?

<p>Obesity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT listed as an obesity-associated chronic condition in children?

<p>Hypothyroidism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can obesity impact life expectancy in severely obese 20-30 year-olds?

<p>Reduce life expectancy by 5-20 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common health consequence of youth obesity?

<p>Sleep apnea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common recommendation for managing obesity in children?

<p>Use small plates to encourage smaller portions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which testing aids are recommended to identify common comorbidities associated with obesity?

<p>Thyroid levels testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as an essential component of initial education for individuals with obesity?

<p>$60 minutes of physical activity daily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgery is mentioned as the last resort for managing obesity?

<p>$Bariatric surgery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Eat only at the table without other distractions like TV or reading a book" is a recommendation that aims to:

<p>$Encourage mindful eating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Kawasaki disease is true?

<p>It is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown cause. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for Kawasaki disease?

<p>High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication may be used in Kawasaki disease to reduce clot formation and inflammation?

<p>Aspirin (salicylate therapy) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of pediatric shock?

<p>Distributive shock due to sepsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of shock in the compensated phase?

<p>Confusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for pediatric shock?

<p>Intravenous fluid boluses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nursing priority in caring for a child with shock?

<p>Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of congenital heart defect?

<p>Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of Kawasaki disease?

<p>Coronary artery aneurysms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is MIS-C?

<p>A complication of COVID-19 in children, similar to Kawasaki disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and foramen ovale after birth?

<p>The baby's first breath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by increased pulmonary blood flow?

<p>Patent Ductus Arteriosus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical consequence of congenital heart defects?

<p>Increased cardiac contractility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment goal for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in children?

<p>Improving cardiac function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by obstruction of blood flow out of the heart?

<p>Coarctation of Aorta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of leaving acquired heart diseases like Rheumatic fever and Bacterial Endocarditis untreated?

<p>Serious consequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by decreased pulmonary blood flow leading to cyanosis?

<p>Tetralogy of Fallot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in children?

<p>Structural abnormalities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about congenital heart defects is true?

<p>Specific clinical manifestations and treatments vary for different types of CHDs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential treatment approach for congenital heart defects like Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

<p>Surgical and non-surgical interventions are available (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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