Pediatric Cardiac Defects Assessment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a common feature seen in infants with cardiac defects?

  • Blurred vision
  • Excessive hair growth
  • Clubbing of fingers (correct)
  • High-pitched voice

    • Which vital sign is important to assess in infants with suspected cardiac defects?

  • Respiratory rate (correct)
  • Hair thickness
  • Nail length
  • Skin elasticity

    • What is a primary cause of cyanosis in infants with cardiac defects?

  • Excessive sunlight exposure
  • Lack of exercise
  • Poor diet
  • Primary parenchymal lung disease (correct)

    • Which diagnostic test displays the electrical activity of the heart?

    <p>ECG (Electrocardiogram)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern when observing a difference in pre and post ductal O2 saturations in an infant?

    <p>Heart murmur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is assessing chest deformities important in infants with suspected cardiac defects?

    <p>To assess heart size distortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of immobility on the respiratory system of children?

    <p>Loss of respiratory muscles and decreased oxygen demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication that can arise in the cardiovascular system due to immobility?

    <p>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and decreased cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a diagnostic method that can be used to find injuries and areas of infection in immobilized children?

    <p>CT scan and MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common complication for the skin in immobilized children?

    <p>Skin breakdown and decreased hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method recommended for managing bone and muscle injuries in children?

    <p>RICE: Rest, Ice, compress, elevate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of immobility on the urinary system of children?

    <p>Difficulties voiding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychosocial consequence of obesity in children?

    <p>Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is expected to become the leading cause of preventable death, surpassing tobacco?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT listed as an obesity-associated chronic condition in children?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can obesity impact life expectancy in severely obese 20-30 year-olds?

    <p>Reduce life expectancy by 5-20 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common health consequence of youth obesity?

    <p>Sleep apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common recommendation for managing obesity in children?

    <p>Use small plates to encourage smaller portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which testing aids are recommended to identify common comorbidities associated with obesity?

    <p>Thyroid levels testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as an essential component of initial education for individuals with obesity?

    <p>$60 minutes of physical activity daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of surgery is mentioned as the last resort for managing obesity?

    <p>$Bariatric surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Eat only at the table without other distractions like TV or reading a book" is a recommendation that aims to:

    <p>$Encourage mindful eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Kawasaki disease is true?

    <p>It is an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown cause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial treatment for Kawasaki disease?

    <p>High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication may be used in Kawasaki disease to reduce clot formation and inflammation?

    <p>Aspirin (salicylate therapy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of pediatric shock?

    <p>Distributive shock due to sepsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of shock in the compensated phase?

    <p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial treatment for pediatric shock?

    <p>Intravenous fluid boluses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a nursing priority in caring for a child with shock?

    <p>Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of congenital heart defect?

    <p>Ventricular septal defect (VSD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of Kawasaki disease?

    <p>Coronary artery aneurysms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is MIS-C?

    <p>A complication of COVID-19 in children, similar to Kawasaki disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and foramen ovale after birth?

    <p>The baby's first breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by increased pulmonary blood flow?

    <p>Patent Ductus Arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical consequence of congenital heart defects?

    <p>Increased cardiac contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment goal for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in children?

    <p>Improving cardiac function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by obstruction of blood flow out of the heart?

    <p>Coarctation of Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of leaving acquired heart diseases like Rheumatic fever and Bacterial Endocarditis untreated?

    <p>Serious consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following congenital heart defects is characterized by decreased pulmonary blood flow leading to cyanosis?

    <p>Tetralogy of Fallot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in children?

    <p>Structural abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about congenital heart defects is true?

    <p>Specific clinical manifestations and treatments vary for different types of CHDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential treatment approach for congenital heart defects like Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?

    <p>Surgical and non-surgical interventions are available</p> Signup and view all the answers

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