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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in managing a pediatric patient suspected of having a foreign body airway obstruction?
What is the recommended action if a patient is not ventilating adequately after using a bag-valve-mask (BVM) device?
What is the minimum systolic blood pressure (SBP) patients should be titrated to during vascular access in pediatric care?
What should be done if a patient older than 1 year displays poor air exchange during a suspected foreign body airway obstruction?
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Which of the following is NOT a sign of severe airway obstruction in a pediatric patient?
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If a pediatric patient with respiratory distress is found to have a foreign body in the airway, what should be the first action if the patient is unconscious?
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During the assessment of a pediatric patient suspected of airway obstruction, which step should you take immediately after assessing the ABCs?
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What is the procedure if the initial ventilation using the BVM does not result in adequate air exchange?
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Which device should be used to confirm the placement of an advanced airway in pediatric patients?
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What is the primary purpose of suctioning a pediatric patient in the context of airway management?
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What action should be taken immediately if severe obstruction is suspected and the patient is less than 1 year old?
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When should continuous waveform capnography be utilized in pediatric airway management?
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What are the two key indicators of severe airway obstruction in a pediatric patient?
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Explain the rationale behind not using blind finger sweeps for foreign body airway obstruction in children.
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Describe the sequence of interventions for a patient older than 1 year who shows signs of severe obstruction.
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What should be monitored continuously throughout transport after airway management in pediatric patients?
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If a pediatric patient remains unconscious after airway intervention, what is the immediate next step?
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Signs and symptoms of foreign body airway obstruction include sudden onset of respiratory distress with coughing, gagging, stridor, and ______.
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If a pediatric patient is less than 1 year old and exhibits signs of severe obstruction, they should receive 5 back blows followed by 5 ______.
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When a patient becomes unconscious due to airway obstruction, the first action is to begin ______.
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During ventilation management, if bag-valve-mask ventilation does not ensure adequate ventilation, the next step is to consider ______.
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To maintain adequate oxygenation, it is recommended to keep SpO2 levels at or above ______%.
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Study Notes
Pediatric Airway Obstruction Management
- Blind finger sweeps are contraindicated in cases of airway obstruction.
- Keep the patient calm and comfortable during assessment and intervention.
Signs and Symptoms of Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
- Sudden onset of respiratory distress, often accompanied by coughing.
- Indicators include gagging, stridor, and wheezing.
Signs of Severe Airway Obstruction
- Poor air exchange and increased difficulty with breathing.
- Silent cough and cyanosis may be evident.
- Inability to speak or breath indicates critical obstruction.
Initial Assessment
- Always begin with assessing Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABCs).
Actions for Severe Obstruction
- If the patient is under 1 year old: Administer 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts.
- If the patient is over 1 year old: Perform rapid abdominal thrusts. If ineffective, switch to chest thrusts.
- Reassess airway after each intervention; repeat as necessary until the obstruction resolves or the patient becomes unconscious.
Emergency Response for Unconscious Patient
- Initiate chest compressions immediately.
- Before ventilating, visualize and attempt to remove any visible foreign body.
- Begin ventilations and transport the patient along with any expelled foreign bodies.
Managing Non-Severe Obstruction
- Reassure the patient and encourage coughing.
- Administer oxygen to maintain SpO2 levels at or above 94%.
- Suction to manage secretions if necessary; transport in a comfortable position.
Ventilation Status Assessment
- If ventilation is adequate: Maintain airway and oxygen supply, monitor, and reassess.
- If ventilation is inadequate: Visualize the airway using the appropriate sized laryngoscope blade and pediatric Magill forceps.
Ventilation Techniques
- Start with Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) assisted ventilation.
- If BVM is ineffective, proceed to intubation, following Pediatric Airway Management Policy 8837.
- Utilize end-tidal CO2 detectors for confirmation of advanced airway placements, with continuous waveform capnography during transport.
Post-Ventilation Steps
- Determine blood glucose levels; treat per Hypoglycemia policy if levels are < 60 mg/dL.
- Establish vascular access and maintain minimum systolic blood pressure (SBP) appropriate for the patient's age.
Pediatric Airway Obstruction Management
- Blind finger sweeps are contraindicated in cases of airway obstruction.
- Keep the patient calm and comfortable during assessment and intervention.
Signs and Symptoms of Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
- Sudden onset of respiratory distress, often accompanied by coughing.
- Indicators include gagging, stridor, and wheezing.
Signs of Severe Airway Obstruction
- Poor air exchange and increased difficulty with breathing.
- Silent cough and cyanosis may be evident.
- Inability to speak or breath indicates critical obstruction.
Initial Assessment
- Always begin with assessing Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABCs).
Actions for Severe Obstruction
- If the patient is under 1 year old: Administer 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts.
- If the patient is over 1 year old: Perform rapid abdominal thrusts. If ineffective, switch to chest thrusts.
- Reassess airway after each intervention; repeat as necessary until the obstruction resolves or the patient becomes unconscious.
Emergency Response for Unconscious Patient
- Initiate chest compressions immediately.
- Before ventilating, visualize and attempt to remove any visible foreign body.
- Begin ventilations and transport the patient along with any expelled foreign bodies.
Managing Non-Severe Obstruction
- Reassure the patient and encourage coughing.
- Administer oxygen to maintain SpO2 levels at or above 94%.
- Suction to manage secretions if necessary; transport in a comfortable position.
Ventilation Status Assessment
- If ventilation is adequate: Maintain airway and oxygen supply, monitor, and reassess.
- If ventilation is inadequate: Visualize the airway using the appropriate sized laryngoscope blade and pediatric Magill forceps.
Ventilation Techniques
- Start with Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) assisted ventilation.
- If BVM is ineffective, proceed to intubation, following Pediatric Airway Management Policy 8837.
- Utilize end-tidal CO2 detectors for confirmation of advanced airway placements, with continuous waveform capnography during transport.
Post-Ventilation Steps
- Determine blood glucose levels; treat per Hypoglycemia policy if levels are < 60 mg/dL.
- Establish vascular access and maintain minimum systolic blood pressure (SBP) appropriate for the patient's age.
Pediatric Airway Obstruction Management
- Blind finger sweeps are contraindicated in cases of airway obstruction.
- Keep the patient calm and comfortable during assessment and intervention.
Signs and Symptoms of Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
- Sudden onset of respiratory distress, often accompanied by coughing.
- Indicators include gagging, stridor, and wheezing.
Signs of Severe Airway Obstruction
- Poor air exchange and increased difficulty with breathing.
- Silent cough and cyanosis may be evident.
- Inability to speak or breath indicates critical obstruction.
Initial Assessment
- Always begin with assessing Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABCs).
Actions for Severe Obstruction
- If the patient is under 1 year old: Administer 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts.
- If the patient is over 1 year old: Perform rapid abdominal thrusts. If ineffective, switch to chest thrusts.
- Reassess airway after each intervention; repeat as necessary until the obstruction resolves or the patient becomes unconscious.
Emergency Response for Unconscious Patient
- Initiate chest compressions immediately.
- Before ventilating, visualize and attempt to remove any visible foreign body.
- Begin ventilations and transport the patient along with any expelled foreign bodies.
Managing Non-Severe Obstruction
- Reassure the patient and encourage coughing.
- Administer oxygen to maintain SpO2 levels at or above 94%.
- Suction to manage secretions if necessary; transport in a comfortable position.
Ventilation Status Assessment
- If ventilation is adequate: Maintain airway and oxygen supply, monitor, and reassess.
- If ventilation is inadequate: Visualize the airway using the appropriate sized laryngoscope blade and pediatric Magill forceps.
Ventilation Techniques
- Start with Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) assisted ventilation.
- If BVM is ineffective, proceed to intubation, following Pediatric Airway Management Policy 8837.
- Utilize end-tidal CO2 detectors for confirmation of advanced airway placements, with continuous waveform capnography during transport.
Post-Ventilation Steps
- Determine blood glucose levels; treat per Hypoglycemia policy if levels are < 60 mg/dL.
- Establish vascular access and maintain minimum systolic blood pressure (SBP) appropriate for the patient's age.
Pediatric Airway Obstruction by Foreign Body
- Avoid blind finger sweeps during airway obstruction management.
- Keep the patient calm and in a position of comfort throughout the assessment and intervention.
Signs and Symptoms of Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
- Sudden respiratory distress accompanied by coughing.
- Gagging sensations may occur.
- Stridor, a harsh, raspy sound, indicates airway obstruction.
- Wheezing can also be present, pointing to bronchial constriction.
Indicators of Severe Obstruction
- Poor air exchange suggests significant airway blockage.
- Increased difficulty in breathing is a critical warning sign.
- A silent cough indicates lack of airflow, potentially serious.
- Cyanosis, or bluish skin, is a severe indicator of oxygen deprivation.
- Inability to speak or breathe is a clear sign of critical airway compromise.
Assessment and Intervention
- First priority is to assess airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs).
- If severe obstruction is suspected:
- For patients under 1 year: Administer five back blows followed by five chest thrusts.
- For patients over 1 year: Perform rapid abdominal thrusts; if ineffective, switch to chest thrusts.
- Continuously reassess the airway; repeat steps until the obstruction is cleared or the patient becomes unconscious.
Unconscious Patient Protocol
- If the patient becomes unconscious, start chest compressions immediately.
- Attempt to visualize and remove any foreign objects before offering rescue breaths.
- Initiate ventilations and prepare for transportation of the patient along with any foreign bodies removed.
Non-Severe Obstruction Management
- If no severe obstruction is evident, reassure the patient and encourage effective coughing.
- Administer supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 levels of 94% or greater.
- Suction may be needed to control secretions, while transporting the patient in a comfortable position.
Ventilation Assessment
- If adequate ventilation is occurring, maintain the airway and monitor oxygen saturation.
- Reassess periodically during transportation.
- If ventilation is inadequate, visualize the airway using the correct size laryngoscope and pediatric Magill forceps.
- Prioritize the least invasive airway management methods; adjust per O2 saturation and capnography readings if available.
Assisted Ventilation Protocol
- Begin with bag-valve-mask (BVM) assisted ventilation.
- Utilize intubation if BVM does not provide sufficient ventilation, adhering to the Pediatric Airway Management Policy 8837.
- Confirm the placement of advanced airways with an end-tidal CO2 detector or equivalent device.
- Continuous waveform capnography should be monitored throughout transport until care transfer occurs.
Blood Glucose and Vascular Access
- Conduct blood glucose testing following successful airway management.
- Treat hypoglycemia (blood sugar < 60 mg/dL) per Policy 9007 - Pediatric Diabetic Emergencies.
- Initiate vascular access, titrating to achieve minimal systolic blood pressure relative to the patient’s age.
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Description
Test your knowledge on pediatric airway obstruction caused by foreign bodies. This quiz covers signs and symptoms, assessment protocols, and emergency response techniques. Learn how to identify severe obstruction and respond effectively.
