Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of attachment in an infant according to the theory?
What is the purpose of attachment in an infant according to the theory?
- To focus on sensual pleasure
- To explore the world independently
- To develop social skills with peers
- To regulate his/her emotions and maintain proximity to the caretaker (correct)
Which theory focuses on the individual's interactions with society?
Which theory focuses on the individual's interactions with society?
- Ethological Theory
- Psychosexual Theory
- Psychosocial Theory (correct)
- Ecological Theory
Who is associated with the theory that development is concerned with social interaction?
Who is associated with the theory that development is concerned with social interaction?
- Erik Erikson
- John Bowlby
- Sigmund Freud
- Lev Vygotsky (correct)
What is the focus of the Life-Span Approach?
What is the focus of the Life-Span Approach?
What is the term for the process of transmitting biological traits from parents to offspring?
What is the term for the process of transmitting biological traits from parents to offspring?
Who focused on how attachment difficulties were transmitted from one generation to the next?
Who focused on how attachment difficulties were transmitted from one generation to the next?
What is the term for the surrounding conditions that influence growth and development?
What is the term for the surrounding conditions that influence growth and development?
Which theory views development in terms of evolutionary concepts?
Which theory views development in terms of evolutionary concepts?
What is the primary focus of cognitive processes in human development?
What is the primary focus of cognitive processes in human development?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the PIES/C framework for human development?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the PIES/C framework for human development?
Which of the following best describes the difference between 'growth' and 'development'?
Which of the following best describes the difference between 'growth' and 'development'?
Which developmental stage is characterized by the most rapid growth rate?
Which developmental stage is characterized by the most rapid growth rate?
What is the primary difference between 'maturation' and 'learning'?
What is the primary difference between 'maturation' and 'learning'?
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill?
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill?
What is the "zone of proximal development" (ZPD)?
What is the "zone of proximal development" (ZPD)?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a socioemotional process?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a socioemotional process?
Study Notes
Human Development: Growth and Development
- Human development involves cognitive, socio-emotional, and biological processes
- Cognitive processes focus on memory, creativity, language, and knowledge
- Socio-emotional processes involve changes in self-sufficiency, self-understanding, morality, and emotional communication
PIES/C Framework
- Physical/Psychomotor:
- Gross motor (e.g., running, jumping, hoping)
- Fine motor (e.g., painting)
- Intellectual/Cognitive
- Emotional:
- Temperament
- Attachment
- Social
- Communication:
- Receptive (e.g., understanding what others say)
- Expressive (e.g., ability to talk or express through gestures)
Development and Growth
- Development: increase in complexity of function and skill progression, involves adaptation to the environment
- Growth: quantifiable amount of change, pertains to physical change and increase in size
- Indicators of growth: height, weight, bone size, and dentition
- Rapid growth rate: prenatal, neonatal, infancy, and adolescence periods
- Maturation: internal ripening, genetically programmed
- Learning: change that comes from experiences
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
- Area where children acquire new skills and information with the help of an adult or peer
Heredity and Environment
- Heredity: transmission of biological traits from parents to offspring through genes
- Environment: surrounding conditions that influence growth and development
Theories
- Ethological Theory: views development in terms of evolutionary concepts
- Psychosexual Theory: focuses on the changing seat of sensual pleasure
- Psychosocial Theory: focuses on individual's interactions with society
- Ecological Theory: development as a joint function of the person and environment
- Sociohistorical-Cognitive / Linguistic Theory: development dependent on social interaction
Approaches in Human Development
- Traditional Approach: extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood, and decline in late old age
- Life-Span Approach: emphasizes development change during adulthood as well as childhood
Attachment
- Emotional bond between individuals
- Lasting psychological connectedness between human beings
- Innate human survival mechanism
- Goals:
- Helps infant maintain proximity to the caretaker
- Provides security as a base for exploration
- Helps child regulate emotions
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the principles of child and adolescent learning, including human development, cognitive processes, and socioemotional processes. Understand growth and development, cognitive development, and psychosocial changes.
