PC Components Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of technology most monitors use?

Liquid crystal display (LCD), Light-emitting diode (LED), Organic LED (OLED)

How does Virtual Reality (VR) differ from Augmented Reality (AR) in terms of user experience?

VR completely encases the upper portion of users’ faces, not allowing in any ambient light from their surroundings, while AR usually does not close off ambient light to users, allowing them to see their real life surroundings.

What does DLP stand for in the context of video projectors?

Digital Light Processing

What are the different types of printers mentioned in the text?

<p>Inkjet, impact, thermal, laser, and 3D printers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do all printers mentioned in the text require?

<p>All printers require printing material (such as ink, toner, liquid plastic, etc.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do printers use to communicate with the operating system?

<p>Printers use a driver to communicate with OS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the potential consequences of exchanging AC adapters with a different type of laptop or device.

<p>Exchanging AC adapters with a different type of laptop or device may cause damage to both the AC adapter and the laptop due to mismatched power requirements and specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe what electrostatic discharge (ESD) is and how it can damage computer equipment.

<p>ESD is the sudden flow of electricity between two electrically charged objects caused by contact. It can damage computer equipment by creating a surge of electricity that exceeds the safe limits of the components, leading to potential malfunctions or permanent damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum threshold of static electricity buildup before a person can feel ESD?

<p>At least 3,000 volts of static electricity must build up before a person can feel ESD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the recommended measures for preventing ESD damage to computer components?

<p>To prevent ESD damage to computer components, it is recommended to keep all components in antistatic bags until installation, use grounded mats on workbenches, use grounded floor mats in work areas, and use antistatic wrist straps when working inside computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can following electrical safety guidelines help prevent electrical fires, injuries, and fatalities?

<p>Following electrical safety guidelines can help prevent electrical fires, injuries, and fatalities by ensuring that proper precautions are taken to avoid electrical hazards, such as checking for high-voltage components and using the correct power requirements for electrical devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the lab scenario, what common safety procedures should be followed while building and/or servicing computer hardware?

<p>In the lab scenario, common safety procedures while building and/or servicing computer hardware include following electrical safety guidelines, using antistatic measures to prevent ESD damage, and being aware of potential electrical hazards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the different types of RAM mentioned in the text.

<p>The different types of RAM mentioned are DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM, DDR4 SDRAM, GDDR SDRAM, and DDR5.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of cache memory mentioned and where are they integrated?

<p>The different types of cache memory mentioned are L1 cache (integrated into CPU), L2 cache (integrated into CPU), and L3 cache (used in high-end workstations and server CPUs).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the error checking methods mentioned in the text.

<p>The error checking methods mentioned are Nonparity, Parity, and ECC (Error-Correcting Code).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of adapter cards mentioned in the text and how do they enhance computer functionality?

<p>Examples of adapter cards mentioned are sound adapter, NIC, wireless NIC, video adapter, capture card, TV tuner card, USB controller card, and eSATA card. They enhance computer functionality by providing additional capabilities such as audio processing, network connectivity, video processing, data capture, TV tuning, USB connectivity, and eSATA connectivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the different expansion slots for adapter cards mentioned in the text.

<p>The different expansion slots for adapter cards mentioned are PCI, Mini-PCI, PCI-X, PCIe, Riser card, and AGP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are storage devices classified by media, and what are the examples mentioned in the text?

<p>Storage devices are classified by media as magnetic (HDD, tape drive), solid-state (SSD), and optical (CD, DVD).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common voltages provided by power supplies in desktop computers and what are they used for?

<p>Power supplies provide different voltages such as $3.3$ volts, $5$ volts, and $12$ volts. These voltages are used by digital circuits and to run motors in disk drives and fans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major components found on a motherboard, and what is the function of the chipset?

<p>The major components found on a motherboard include CPU, RAM, expansion slots, chipset, BIOS chip, and SATA connectors. The chipset controls system hardware interaction with the CPU and motherboard, consisting of Northbridge and Southbridge integrated circuits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common form factors for PC cases and motherboards, and how do they impact component attachment and power supply type?

<p>Common PC case form factors include horizontal, full-size tower, compact tower, and all-in-one. Common motherboard form factors are ATX, Micro-ATX, and ITX. These form factors determine component attachment, power supply type, and case shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of CPU sockets and processor packages commonly used in modern computers?

<p>Modern CPU sockets and processor packages are built in PGA and LGA architectures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of cooling solutions for computer components, and how do they differ?

<p>Active and passive cooling solutions are used to keep computer components cool. Passive solutions involve heat sinks, while active solutions require power, like case fans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of memory chips found in desktop computers, and how do they differ in terms of functionality?

<p>Memory chips include Read-Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM). RAM is volatile and used as temporary working storage, enhancing system performance when added.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Solid State Hybrid Drives (SSHDs) and how do they compare to traditional HDDs and SSDs?

<p>SSHDs are a compromise between magnetic HDDs and SSDs. They are faster than HDDs and less expensive than SSDs. SSHDs combine a magnetic HDD with onboard flash memory as a cache, providing improved performance over traditional HDDs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose and functionality of the Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) specification in relation to SSDs and PCIe bus.

<p>The NVMe specification facilitates a standard interface between SSDs, PCIe bus, and operating systems, allowing SSDs to attach to the PCIe bus without special drivers. It enables faster data transfer and improved performance for SSDs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the different types of optical media and their respective data storage capacities.

<p>Optical media types include Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), and Blu-ray Disc (BD). DVD and BD media can be single layer (SL) or dual layer (DL), doubling the capacity of a single disc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of input/output (I/O) ports used to connect peripheral devices to a computer?

<p>I/O ports include PS/2, audio and game ports, network, SATA, IDE, and USB, among others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of adapters and converters in enabling the connection between different technologies.

<p>Adapters and converters, such as DVI to VGA adapter and USB to Ethernet adapter, facilitate the connection between different technologies, allowing devices with different interfaces to communicate with each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the purpose of output devices and provide examples of such devices.

<p>Output devices convert binary information from the computer into a user-understandable form. Examples include monitors, projectors, printers, speakers, and headphones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum static electricity buildup required for a person to feel ESD?

<p>3,000 volts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended precaution to prevent ESD damage while working inside computers?

<p>Keeping components in antistatic bags until ready to install them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if AC adapters are exchanged with a different type of laptop or device?

<p>Both the AC adapter and the laptop may be damaged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of not discharging ESD properly?

<p>Damage to computer equipment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked in the printer manual to prevent high-voltage damage?

<p>Location of high-voltage components (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using grounded mats and antistatic wrist straps?

<p>To reduce static electricity buildup (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RAM is commonly used in high-end workstations and server CPUs?

<p>DDR4 SDRAM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory is considered the fastest and is commonly used as cache memory?

<p>SRAM (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which error checking method is commonly used in high-reliability systems like servers and ECC RAM?

<p>ECC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of storage device interface is considered a legacy interface?

<p>Parallel ATA (EIDE) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cache memory is integrated into the CPU?

<p>L1 cache (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which memory module type is commonly used in laptops and small form factor systems?

<p>SODIMM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of optical media can be recorded over multiple times?

<p>Re-recordable CD (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of Solid State Hybrid Drives (SSHDs) over traditional HDDs?

<p>Faster data transfer rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which video port is commonly used for connecting computer monitors?

<p>VGA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a KVM switch?

<p>Connect multiple input devices to a computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which input device would be most suitable for capturing handwritten signatures?

<p>Stylus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of output devices in a computer system?

<p>Convert binary information into user-understandable form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology completely encases the upper portion of users' faces to create a simulated, three-dimensional environment?

<p>Virtual Reality (VR) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) headsets?

<p>VR headsets create a simulated environment, while AR headsets superimpose images over the real world. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology do most video projectors use?

<p>Digital Light Processing (DLP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of printers create hard copies of files using printing material such as ink, toner, or liquid plastic?

<p>3D printers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do different projectors have that affects the level of brightness of the projected image?

<p>Number of lumens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of technology do most monitors use?

<p>Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form factors are mentioned for PC cases in the text?

<p>Horizontal, full-size tower, compact tower, and all-in-one (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which power supply form factors are mentioned for desktop computers?

<p>Advanced Technology (AT), AT Extended (ATX), ATX12V, and EPS12V (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the connectors mentioned for power supplies?

<p>20-pin or 24-pin slotted connector, SATA keyed connector, Molex keyed connector, Berg keyed connector, 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector, and 6/8-pin PCIe power connector (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common motherboard form factors mentioned in the text?

<p>ATX, Micro-ATX, and ITX (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of cooling solutions mentioned for computer components?

<p>Active and passive cooling solutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of memory chips mentioned in the text?

<p>Read-Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in the troubleshooting process mentioned in the text?

<p>The steps in the troubleshooting process mentioned in the text are: 1. Identify the Problem 2. Establish a Theory of Probable Cause 3. Test the Theory to Determine the Cause 4. Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution 5. Verify Full Functionality and, If Applicable, Implement Preventive Measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should be followed before beginning troubleshooting problems?

<p>Before beginning troubleshooting problems, it is important to follow the necessary precautions to protect data on a computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to solving problems with computers and other components?

<p>Troubleshooting requires an organized and logical approach to problems with computers and other components, and it is a skill refined over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing a theory of probable cause in the troubleshooting process?

<p>Establishing a theory of probable cause helps in systematically identifying and testing potential causes of the problem, leading to a more efficient troubleshooting process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the common hardware problems associated with storage devices mentioned in the text, and provide examples of these problems.

<p>Storage device problems are often related to loose or incorrect cable connections, incorrect drive and media formats, and incorrect jumper and BIOS settings. Examples of storage device problems include loose SATA or power cables, incorrect partition format, and outdated BIOS settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common causes of problems related to motherboards and internal components, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Problems related to motherboards and internal components are often caused by incorrect or loose cables, failed components, incorrect drivers, and corrupted updates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical causes of power problems in PCs, as outlined in the text?

<p>Power problems in PCs are often caused by a faulty power supply, loose connections, and inadequate wattage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common reasons for processor and memory problems in PCs, as stated in the text?

<p>Processor and memory problems are often caused by faulty installations, incorrect BIOS settings, inadequate cooling and ventilation, and compatibility issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common causes of display problems in PCs, as described in the text?

<p>Display problems are often caused by incorrect settings, loose connections, and incorrect or corrupted drivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of personal reference tools for technicians, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Examples of personal reference tools include troubleshooting guides, manufacturer manuals, quick reference guides, and repair journals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the recommended contents for a technician's journal, as suggested in the text?

<p>The journal should include descriptions of the problem, possible solutions that have been tried, steps taken to repair the problem, configuration changes made, and any replacement parts used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the suggested internet reference tools for troubleshooting computer components and peripherals, as indicated in the text?

<p>Suggested internet reference tools include search engines, news groups, manufacturer FAQs, online computer manuals, online forums and chat, and technical websites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the lab involving a multimeter and a power supply tester, as mentioned in the text?

<p>The lab focuses on teaching how to use and handle a multimeter and a power supply tester.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advanced problems and solutions for hardware that are highlighted in the text?

<p>The text mentions advanced problems and solutions for hardware.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using grounded mats and antistatic wrist straps, as discussed in the text?

<p>Using grounded mats and antistatic wrist straps helps to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage while working inside computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of maintaining a history of repairs, as explained in the text?

<p>Maintaining a history of repairs allows a technician to determine what work has been performed on a specific computer in the past, which can be valuable for future reference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the five steps of the troubleshooting process as outlined in the text.

<ol> <li>Identify the Problem</li> <li>Establish a Theory of Probable Cause</li> <li>Test the Theory to Determine the Cause</li> <li>Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution</li> <li>Verify Full Functionality and, If Applicable, Implement Preventive Measures</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should be taken before beginning troubleshooting problems with computers and other components?

<p>Before beginning troubleshooting problems, always follow the necessary precautions to protect data on a computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to solving problems with computers and other components?

<p>Troubleshooting requires an organized and logical approach to problems with computers and other components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing a theory of probable cause in the troubleshooting process?

<p>Establishing a theory of probable cause helps in narrowing down the possible reasons for the problem and guides the testing phase to determine the actual cause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common hardware problems related to storage devices, as described in the text?

<p>Some common hardware problems related to storage devices include loose or incorrect cable connections, incorrect drive and media formats, and incorrect jumper and BIOS settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common hardware problems related to motherboards and internal components, as outlined in the text?

<p>Common hardware problems related to motherboards and internal components include incorrect or loose cables, failed components, incorrect drivers, and corrupted updates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical causes of power problems in PCs, as outlined in the text?

<p>Power problems in PCs are often caused by a faulty power supply, loose connections, and inadequate wattage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common hardware problems related to CPUs and memory, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Common problems related to CPUs and memory include faulty installations, incorrect BIOS settings, inadequate cooling and ventilation, and compatibility issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common causes of display problems in PCs, as described in the text?

<p>Display problems in PCs are often caused by incorrect settings, loose connections, and incorrect or corrupted drivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some personal reference tools recommended for troubleshooting and repair, as stated in the text?

<p>Personal reference tools recommended for troubleshooting and repair include troubleshooting guides, manufacturer manuals, quick reference guides, and repair journals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some internet reference tools recommended for troubleshooting computer components and peripherals, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Internet reference tools recommended for troubleshooting computer components and peripherals include internet search engines, news groups, manufacturer FAQs, online computer manuals, online forums and chat, and technical websites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a technician's journal, as explained in the text?

<p>The purpose of a technician's journal is to make notes during troubleshooting and repair processes, include descriptions of problems and solutions, note any configuration changes and replacement parts used, and maintain a history of repairs for future reference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the lab involving a multimeter and a power supply tester, as mentioned in the text?

<p>The focus of the lab involving a multimeter and a power supply tester is to learn how to use and handle these tools for troubleshooting hardware.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are storage devices classified by media, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Storage devices are classified by media as magnetic, optical, and solid-state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the recommended contents for a technician's journal, as suggested in the text?

<p>The recommended contents for a technician's journal include descriptions of problems and repairs, date, replacement parts, customer information, and a detailed list of past repairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in the troubleshooting process mentioned in the text?

<p>The steps in the troubleshooting process include finding, documenting findings, taking actions, and recording outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)

A specification that standardizes the interface between SSDs, the PCIe bus, and operating systems, allowing SSDs to connect to the PCIe bus without needing special drivers.

SSHD (Solid State Hybrid Drive)

A drive that combines a magnetic HDD with onboard flash memory, offering a compromise between the speed of SSDs and the cost-effectiveness of HDDs.

Optical Drives

Drives that use lasers to read and write data on optical media like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs.

Video Ports and Cables

Interfaces and cables used to transmit video signals, including standards like DVI, DisplayPort, HDMI, VGA, and Thunderbolt.

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I/O (Input/Output) Ports

Ports that connect peripheral devices to a computer, including PS/2, audio ports, network ports, SATA, IDE, and USB.

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Input Devices

Devices that allow users to input data into a computer, such as keyboards, mice, scanners, and gamepads.

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Output Devices

Devices that convert binary information from the computer into a user-understandable form, such as monitors, printers, speakers, and headphones.

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PC Case

The enclosure that houses internal components of a PC, such as the power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, and disk drives.

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Power Supply

These provide power to the various components inside a computer.

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Motherboard

A printed circuit board that contains the buses, electronic components, and major components like the CPU, RAM, and expansion slots.

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Chipset

System hardware controlling interaction with the CPU and motherboard, typically consisting of Northbridge and Southbridge.

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CPU (Central Processing Unit)

It interprets and executes commands.

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Cooling Solutions

Solutions that keep computer components from overheating; can be either passive (heat sinks) or active (fans).

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RAM (Random Access Memory)

Volatile memory used as temporary working storage, enhancing system performance.

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ROM (Read-Only Memory)

Non-volatile memory used for startup instructions.

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Study Notes

PC Components Overview

  • Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) specification facilitates standard interface between SSDs, PCIe bus, and operating systems, enabling SSDs to attach to PCIe bus without special drivers.
  • Solid State Hybrid Drives (SSHDs) are a compromise between magnetic HDD and SSD, faster than HDDs and less expensive than SSDs, combining magnetic HDD with onboard flash memory as a cache.
  • Optical drives use lasers to read/write data on optical media, with types including Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), and Blu-ray Disc (BD) for different types of data.
  • Optical media can be pre-recorded, recordable, or re-recordable, and DVD and BD media can be single layer (SL) or dual layer (DL), doubling the capacity of a single disc.
  • Video ports and cables include Digital Visual Interface (DVI), DisplayPort, High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Thunderbolt, Video Graphics Array (VGA), and others.
  • Input/output (I/O) ports connect peripheral devices to a computer, including Personal System 2 (PS/2), audio and game ports, network, Serial AT Attachment (SATA), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), and Universal Serial Bus (USB).
  • Adapters and converters, such as DVI to VGA adapter and USB to Ethernet adapter, enable the connection between different technologies.
  • Input devices like keyboard, mouse, ADF/flatbed scanner, joystick/gamepad, and KVM switch allow users to communicate with a computer.
  • New input devices include touch screens, stylus, magnetic strip reader, and barcode scanner, facilitating different forms of interaction with the computer.
  • More new input devices encompass digital cameras, webcams, signature pads, smart card readers, and microphones, offering diverse ways to interact with a computer.
  • The most recent input devices include NFC devices, facial recognition scanners, fingerprint scanners, voice recognition scanners, and virtual reality headsets, enabling advanced user authentication and virtual reality functionalities.
  • Output devices convert binary information from the computer into a user-understandable form, including monitors, projectors, VR headsets, printers, speakers, and headphones.

PC Components Overview

  • The PC case houses internal components like power supply, motherboard, CPU, memory, and disk drives, available in various form factors such as horizontal, full-size tower, compact tower, and all-in-one.
  • Desktop computer power supply form factors include Advanced Technology (AT), AT Extended (ATX), ATX12V, and EPS12V.
  • Power supply connectors include 20-pin or 24-pin slotted connector, SATA keyed connector, Molex keyed connector, Berg keyed connector, 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector, and 6/8-pin PCIe power connector.
  • Power supplies provide different voltages such as 3.3 volts, 5 volts, and 12 volts, used by digital circuits and to run motors in disk drives and fans, and can be single rail, dual rail, or multi rail.
  • The motherboard is a printed circuit board (PCB) containing buses, electronic components, and major components like CPU, RAM, expansion slots, chipset, BIOS chip, and SATA connectors.
  • Chipset, controlling system hardware interaction with the CPU and motherboard, consists of Northbridge and Southbridge integrated circuits.
  • Common motherboard form factors are ATX, Micro-ATX, and ITX, determining component attachment, power supply type, and case shape.
  • The CPU interprets and executes commands, resides within a CPU package, and modern CPU sockets and processor packages are built in PGA and LGA architectures.
  • Active and passive cooling solutions keep computer components cool, with passive solutions involving heat sinks and active solutions requiring power, like case fans.
  • Memory chips include Read-Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM), with RAM being volatile and used as temporary working storage, enhancing system performance when added.
  • The text provides an overview of PC components, including cases, power supplies, connectors, voltages, motherboards, chipsets, CPU, cooling systems, and memory types.
  • This information is relevant for understanding the internal workings of a desktop computer and is essential for individuals involved in computer maintenance and repair.

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