Pavement Markings and Grade Finishing Stakes

Questions and Answers

At what maximum longitudinal spacing should stakes be set when the centerline horizontal curve radius is less than or equal to 150 meters?

5 meters

10 meters (correct)

15 meters

20 meters

Where should grade finishing stakes specifically be set regarding the roadway?

At the top of Subgrade and the top of each aggregate course (correct)

Only at the centerline of the roadway

Between the asphalt layers

At the top of the concrete pavement

What is the maximum transverse spacing between stakes?

2 meters

15 meters

5 meters (correct)

10 meters

How are grading and finishing stake surveys measured for documentation?

By kilometer Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using brushes or guard stakes at each stake?

To stabilize the stakes Signup and view all the answers

For which condition are stakes set at the shoulder of the turnout?

When turnouts are constructed Signup and view all the answers

How is the establishment of centerline reestablishment measured?

By kilometer, only one time Signup and view all the answers

What measurement unit is used for culvert survey and staking?

By the each Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of slope stakes in the context described?

To establish the intersection of the design slope with natural ground. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum spacing allowed between centerline points for a horizontal curve radius less than or equal to 150 meters?

10 meters Signup and view all the answers

How far beyond the toe of fill slopes should clearing and grubbing limits extend?

One meter Signup and view all the answers

What must be included on reference stakes according to the given requirements?

All slope stake information and reference points. Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if slope stakes do not match the staking report tolerances?

Re-establish the slope stakes. Signup and view all the answers

What defines the location for the establishment of slope stakes?

The point of intersection of the design roadway slope with natural ground. Signup and view all the answers

Which conditions must be met for reestablishing the centerline?

It must be from instrument control points. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of verifying slope stake locations with field measurements?

To confirm the accuracy of slope stake positions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum centerline spacing for cross-sections when the horizontal curve radius is greater than 100 meters?

20 meters Signup and view all the answers

What is required for stakes and hubs used in highway survey work?

They must provide solid set in the ground. Signup and view all the answers

When relocating control points due to construction conflict, what must be provided before disturbing the initial points?

Coordinates and elevations for the relocated points. Signup and view all the answers

How should points along each cross-section be recorded?

At the anticipated slope stake and reference locations. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the vertical parabolic curve radius is less than or equal to 100 meters?

Cross-sections should be taken at a maximum spacing of 10 meters. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of surveying is essential for ensuring data accuracy during construction?

Establishing precision in stake placement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of taking additional cross-sections at significant breaks in topography?

To ensure accuracy of the construction layout. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be done with established initial control points in conflict with construction?

They should be relocated to non-disturbed areas. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Grade Finishing Stakes

Grade finishing stakes indicate grade elevations and horizontal alignment at the centerline and each shoulder along roadways.
Stakes are placed at the top of the subgrade and each aggregate course.
For turnouts, stakes are required at the centerline and both shoulders.
In parking areas, hubs must be positioned at the center and edges.
Stakes should also be set at all paved ditches.
Maximum longitudinal spacing is 10 meters for curves with a radius ≤150 meters and vertical parabolic curves ≤100 meters; otherwise, spacing increases to 20 meters.
Maximum transverse spacing for stakes is 5 meters.
Stronger stakes (brushes or guard stakes) are used at each stake location.
Measurement methods include kilometers for construction survey, lump sum for bridge and retaining wall surveys, and individual counts for culvert surveys.

Slopes Stakes and References

Slope stakes and references are established on both sides of the centerline at cross-section locations.
Slope stakes represent the intersection of design slopes with the natural ground line.
Stakes should be established outside of the clearing limits.
Slope stake positions must match tolerances in the staking report; otherwise, they must be recalibrated.
Additional reference points are necessary even with initial references in place.

Clearing and Grubbing Limits

Limits extend one meter beyond the toe of fill slopes or rounding of cut slopes at roadway cross-sections.
Setting of limits is applicable for the entire project unless specified otherwise by the engineer.

Centerline Reestablishment and Surveying

Centerline reestablishment requires using control points, maintaining a maximum spacing of 10 meters for critical radius measurements.
Quality materials for stakes and hubs are essential for effective marking and visibility.
Continuous resetting of stakes may be required throughout the construction process to maintain accuracy.

Control Points and Roadway Cross-Sections

Control points must be relocated if they conflict with construction areas, with coordinates provided before any disturbance.
Cross-sections must be taken perpendicular to the centerline at specified spacings based on curve radii (10 meters for curves ≤150m; 20 meters for curves >150m).
Additional cross-sections are taken at significant topographical changes or transitions in the roadway.
Points measured along cross-sections must not exceed 5 meters apart to ensure detail.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of pavement markings and the specific regulations for setting grade finishing stakes. It explains the importance of correct placement for road construction, including centerline and shoulder considerations. Test your knowledge on these crucial aspects of roadway design and layout.