Patient Interview Techniques: Open-Ended and Closed-Ended Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of open-ended questions in a patient interview?

  • To limit the development of rapport with the patient
  • To gather specific facts about the patient's condition
  • To encourage patients to express feelings, emotions, and opinions (correct)
  • To introduce closed-ended questions

    • What is the main difference between open-ended and closed-ended questions?

  • The length of the answer required
  • The patient's response time
  • The type of information gathered (correct)
  • The tone of the question

    • What type of question is 'What made you come to the hospital?'

  • Closed-ended question
  • Leading question
  • Open-ended question (correct)
  • Indirect question

    • What is the potential consequence of excessive use of closed-ended questions?

    <p>The interview will feel neutral or cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of question is 'Tell me about your shortness of breath.'?

    <p>Open-ended question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using indirect questions?

    <p>They are often perceived as less threatening by the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using open-ended questions to start the interview?

    <p>To introduce a new area of questioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason a clinician should respond appropriately to a patient's answers?

    <p>To avoid losing rapport and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of question can be used to force the patient to choose one of several possible answers?

    <p>Closed-Ended question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pitfall to avoid when asking Closed-Ended questions?

    <p>Leading the patient to a desired answer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical response length of a patient to a Closed-Ended question?

    <p>One or two words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using Open-Ended questions?

    <p>To encourage the patient to provide more information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for the RCP to remain in control of the amount of time spent with patients?

    <p>To manage their workload and prioritize tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of active listening in a clinical setting?

    <p>To gather accurate information from the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of question is often used to encourage the patient to provide more information?

    <p>Open-Ended question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the tone of your voice when speaking to the patient?

    <p>Pleasant, consistent, and professional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of asking the patient how they pronounce their last name?

    <p>To ensure correct pronunciation of the patient's name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance of the social or public space from the patient?

    <p>4 to 12 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before entering the patient's room?

    <p>Clear your mind of distractions and put a smile on your face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you tell the patient about your purpose?

    <p>You are there because the physician sent you</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the phrase 'how are you today' in the United States?

    <p>It's a greeting, not a question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of non-verbal messages in patient interaction?

    <p>They are essential to the success of the patient interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of introducing yourself in the social space?

    <p>To positively identify the patient and provide necessary information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum distance from the patient considered as personal space?

    <p>2 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to limit eye contact and speech in the intimate space?

    <p>To avoid overwhelming the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of obtaining a chaperone if necessary?

    <p>To ensure patient safety during the examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of telling the patient that you are going to check the ID band before doing so?

    <p>To respect the patient's autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 5 W's?

    <p>To identify oneself and their role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance considered as intimate space?

    <p>Less than 18 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'O' in OPQRST stand for?

    <p>Onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a question to ask when assessing the 'P' in OPQRST?

    <p>How often does it occur?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'S' in OPQRST represent?

    <p>Severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of asking about the 'R' in OPQRST?

    <p>To identify the region of the body affected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'T' in OPQRST represent?

    <p>Timing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a question that addresses the 'Q' in OPQRST?

    <p>What does it feel like?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using the OPQRST mnemonic device?

    <p>It provides a framework for healthcare professionals to assess symptoms systematically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between symptoms and signs?

    <p>Symptoms are manifestations of illness that cannot be detected and measured, while signs can be.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a sign?

    <p>Vital signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a modified Borg dyspnea scale?

    <p>To help patients with chronic dyspnea keep track of trends in their symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are symptoms called subjective findings?

    <p>Because only the patient can perceive them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of signs that distinguishes them from symptoms?

    <p>They can be detected and measured by others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the manifestations of illness that can be detected and measured by others?

    <p>Signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for clinicians to gain experience in identifying patterns of signs and symptoms?

    <p>To improve their ability to diagnose diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Chief Complaint?

    <p>To express the patient's priorities and serve as a guide to the questions to ask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the clinician not automatically accept the patient's statements about their symptoms?

    <p>Because the patient may use medical words or repeat something someone told them about their condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of writing symptoms in the patient's own words?

    <p>To get a more detailed description of the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the History of the Present Illness?

    <p>A detailed description of each of the symptoms listed in the Chief Complaint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to communicate concern for the patient's priorities?

    <p>Because it is essential to address the patient's concerns and priorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of asking the patient to describe their symptoms in their own words?

    <p>To get a more detailed description of the symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the patient's priorities in the Chief Complaint?

    <p>They should be emphasized and addressed in the History of the Present Illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the Chief Complaint and the History of the Present Illness?

    <p>The Chief Complaint is a list of the patient's separate symptoms with their duration, while the History of the Present Illness is a detailed description of each of the symptoms listed in the Chief Complaint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of sputum that is normal in color but thicker than normal?

    <p>Mucoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sputum contains pus cells and has a color other than white?

    <p>Purulent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe mucus in the airway before it is mixed with oral secretions in the mouth?

    <p>Phlegm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with frothy sputum?

    <p>Pulmonary Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of fetid sputum?

    <p>Foul odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with mucopurulent sputum?

    <p>Bronchiectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount of blood expectorated in 24 hours that is considered life-threatening?

    <p>300ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between hemoptysis and hematemesis?

    <p>Hemoptysis is the expectoration of blood that originated in the respiratory tract, while hematemesis is the expectoration of blood that originated in the GI tract or other areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for coughing up and expectorating sputum containing blood that originated in the respiratory tract below the level of the larynx?

    <p>Hemoptysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when evaluating a patient's report of hemoptysis?

    <p>Distinguishing between hemoptysis and hematemesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sign of hemoptysis that may indicate a self-limiting condition?

    <p>Vigorous coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for identifying the source of blood in a patient with hemoptysis?

    <p>To differentiate between hemoptysis and hematemesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of hemoptysis that distinguishes it from hematemesis?

    <p>The origin of the blood in the respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a body temperature being maintained above normal due to disease?

    <p>Leukocytic pyrogens in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate effect of a fever on the body's heat production and conservation mechanisms?

    <p>It increases both heat production and heat conservation mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the body's heat dissipating mechanisms coming into play when a fever resolves?

    <p>Cutaneous vasodilation and profuse sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of fever on a patient's breathing pattern?

    <p>It speeds up breathing and increases oxygen consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of fever?

    <p>Chills and shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between leukocytic pyrogens and inflammation?

    <p>Leukocytic pyrogens are a major factor in inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the hypothalamus being reset to a point above normal?

    <p>It increases the body's heat production and conservation mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fever and normal body temperature?

    <p>Fever is a body temperature above normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the abnormal condition of a body temperature maintained above normal due to disease?

    <p>Pyrexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication of accessory muscle use during inspiration in a patient with respiratory failure?

    <p>Clavicular lift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of adventitious breath sounds that distinguishes them from abnormal breath sounds?

    <p>They include stridor, rhonchi, and rales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of serious hypoxemia in a patient with respiratory failure?

    <p>Altered mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inward movement of the abdominal wall during inspiration in a patient with respiratory failure?

    <p>Abdominal paradox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication of consolidation in a patient with respiratory failure?

    <p>Dullness to percussion and egophony on auscultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of tripod position in a patient with respiratory failure?

    <p>Emphysematous habitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a sign of respiratory failure?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of cyanosis in the body?

    <p>In the lips, nail beds, ears, and malar eminences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of central cyanosis?

    <p>Respiratory failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cyanosis of the hands and feet?

    <p>Acrocyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of peripheral cyanosis without hypoxemia?

    <p>It is a sign of poor tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold of unsaturated hemoglobin in the blood that produces cyanosis?

    <p>5 g/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between central and peripheral cyanosis?

    <p>Any condition that causes central cyanosis will also cause peripheral cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cyanosis that makes it an unreliable sign of hypoxemia?

    <p>It can occur without hypoxemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dividing cyanosis into central and peripheral categories?

    <p>To identify the underlying cause of cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of cyanosis in the mucous membranes and nail beds?

    <p>It is more noticeable in these areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pulmonary hyperinflation on the intensity of heart sounds?

    <p>Decrease the intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can make it difficult to identify S₁ and S₂?

    <p>Pleural effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of obesity on the intensity of heart sounds?

    <p>Decrease the intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of poor cardiac contractility on the intensity of heart sounds?

    <p>Decrease the intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of valvular disease on the intensity of heart sounds?

    <p>Decrease the intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the cardiac murmur produced by an incompetent AV valve?

    <p>High-pitched, 'whooshing' systolic murmur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cardiac murmur occurs during S₂ due to blood back-flowing across an incompetent semilunar valve?

    <p>Diastolic murmur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the cardiac murmur produced by restricted blood flow through a stenotic semilunar valve?

    <p>Crescendo-decrescendo sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying cause of an intense S₂ in pulmonary hypertension?

    <p>Forceful closure of the pulmonic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of cardiac murmurs caused by incompetent or stenotic heart valves?

    <p>Systolic or diastolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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