Patient Encounter Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a key element of patient-centered care?

  • Provider collaboration
  • Individualized care
  • Patient involvement
  • Provider competition (correct)

    • Which stage of the clinical encounter requires specific communication strategies to facilitate patient understanding?

  • Initial assessment
  • Diagnosis discussion (correct)
  • Follow-up evaluation
  • Treatment planning

    • What is a common factor that can hinder effective communication between the patient and clinician?

  • Clear medical jargon
  • Family involvement
  • Cultural differences (correct)
  • Shared experiences

    • Which concept is essential for ensuring a patient's privacy needs are supported?

    <p>Personal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of patient-centered care, what does a two-way partnership imply?

    <p>Patients collaboratively engage in decision-making about their care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ability is NOT required for culturally competent communication with patients?

    <p>Assuming cultural stereotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skill is essential in assisting physicians with diagnostic reasoning?

    <p>Critical thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate distance for personal space during an interview with a patient?

    <p>18 inches to 4 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action demonstrates effective expression of concern towards a patient?

    <p>Maintaining appropriate eye contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of culturally competent communication?

    <p>Adapting communication to the patient’s values and beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the rules for clinical etiquette, which of the following is NOT recommended during patient interactions?

    <p>Criticizing actions of other healthcare team members in front of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of space is useful exclusively for physical examinations?

    <p>Intimate space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the pre-interaction stage in patient-clinician interaction?

    <p>To review patient chart and assess the clinician's role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is NOT part of the introductory stage of patient-clinician interaction?

    <p>Conducting a brief physical assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage should a clinician document the results of treatment including any adverse effects?

    <p>Treatment and monitoring stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical component included in the documentation of treatment findings?

    <p>The type of treatment or procedure performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage occurs immediately following the completion of treatment?

    <p>Follow-up stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main purposes of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act?

    <p>To enhance transferability of health care information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects patient confidentiality regarding their information?

    <p>Sharing patient information with non-care providers is a violation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the treatment and monitoring stage, what must be done if adverse effects occur?

    <p>Record the effects and inform the healthcare team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to ensure compliance under the Privacy and Confidentiality guidelines?

    <p>Only approved providers can access Protected Health Information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a clinician take if they find resistance behavior from the patient during the initial interaction?

    <p>Evaluate the patient's concerns and adjust the approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patient-centered care primarily emphasizes clinician dominance over patient decision-making.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Critical thinking is not necessary for respiratory therapists when assisting physicians with diagnostic reasoning.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individualized care is one of the main elements of patient-centered care.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A two-way partnership in patient care means that only the clinician makes decisions regarding treatment plans.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Overcoming barriers to learning is an important step in assessing a patient's learning needs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 1: Preparing for the Patient Encounter

    • Learning Objectives: Define patient-centered care and identify its key elements, identify major factors affecting communication between patient and clinician, differentiate among stages of the clinical encounter and appropriate communication strategies.

    Learning Objectives

    • Apply concepts of personal space and territoriality: Support patients' privacy needs.
    • Employ basic rules for confidentiality and security: Ensure confidentiality of all patient health information. Identify key abilities for culturally competent communication with patients.
    • Identify steps in assessing patient learning needs: Include how to overcome barriers to learning.

    Respiratory Therapist's Role in Patient Assessment

    • Assist physicians with diagnostic reasoning (critical thinking, cognitive skills in communicating).
    • Selecting assessment tests, interpreting results, formulating solutions.

    Patient-Centered Care

    • Three main elements: individualized care, patient involvement, provider collaboration.
    • Two-way partnership between providers and patients (and families).
    • Care is consistent with individual values, needs, and preferences. Patients are active participants in their care.

    Essential Elements of Patient-Centered Care

    • Individualized Care: Empathetic communication, respect for patient values/privacy, sensitivity to cultural values.
    • Patient Involvement: Patient education, shared decision-making, patient participation in care.
    • Provider Collaboration: Communication, coordination, shared responsibility.

    Factors Influencing Effective Communication

    • Internal Factors: Previous experiences, attitudes, values, cultural heritage, religious beliefs, self-concept, listening habits, preoccupations, feelings, illness, privacy.
    • Sensory/Emotional Factors: Fear, stress, anxiety, pain, mental acuity, brain damage, hypoxia, sight, hearing, speech impairment.
    • Environmental Factors: Lighting, noise, privacy, distance, temperature.
    • Verbal Expression: Language barrier, jargon, choice of words/questions, feedback, voice tone.
    • Nonverbal Expression: Body movement, facial expression, dress, professionalism, warmth, interest.

    Stages of Patient-Clinician Interaction

    • Pre-interaction stage: Review patient chart, make initial assessment of patient, clarify role in patient care.
    • Introductory stage: Introduce yourself and where you are from, your purpose, check armband with permission.
    • Initial assessment stage: Brief assessment determining patient's illness, brief physical assessment.
    • Treatment and monitoring stage: Begin treatment after assessment.
    • Follow-up stage: Reassess vital signs after treatment has ended, record positive and negative effects of treatment, any adverse effects stop treatment and inform appropriate health care team.
    • Additional details for communicating assessment findings: Clean/replace equipment as needed, return patient to pre-treatment position (if needed), let patient know when you will return, thank patient, document the treatment and include date and time, type of treatment/procedure (ABG's), drugs and dosages, result of response to treatment including adverse effects, goals, objectives, or end-point criteria for treatment, examples of documentation.

    Privacy and Confidentiality

    • All information is confidential.
    • Do not discuss patients with anyone not involved in their care.
    • Violations can be subject to legal recourse (HIPAA).

    Accountability Act

    • Passed by Congress in 1996 to increase ability to transfer health care information between providers.
    • Title II took effect in 2003, established rules for disclosure of Protected Health Information (PHI).
    • Only approved health care providers can access PHI.

    Use of Space

    • Social space: 4 to 12 feet from patient (useful for initial introduction).
    • Personal space: 18 inches to 4 feet from patient (useful for interview).
    • Intimate space: 0 to 18 inches from patient (only for physical examination).

    Expressing Concern

    • Face the patient squarely.
    • Use eye contact appropriately.
    • Maintain an open posture.
    • Consider appropriate use of touch.
    • Be an active listener.

    Culturally Competent Communication

    • Strategies: Active listening, attending to individual needs, eliciting patient concerns, expressing genuine concern.
    • Self-awareness: knowledge of one's own cultural beliefs and potential stereotypes.

    Communication

    • Situational awareness: Ability to recognize misunderstandings associated with patient-provider cultural differences during a patient encounter.
    • Cultural competency: Clinician adapts communication approach to be consistent with patient's values and beliefs.

    Ten Rules for Clinical Etiquette

    • Maintain a professional appearance, identify yourself by name and role, call patient by appropriate title (Mrs., Mr., Miss, Ms.), respect and preserve patient’s modesty, do not rest foot or sit on bed, keep pt’s information confidential, do not discuss prognosis in front of patient, do not argue with patient, do not criticize other health care team members in front of the patient, keep disagreements and criticisms out of patient’s chart.

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    Chapter 1: Preparing for the Patient Encounter PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of patient-centered care and the key elements affecting communication between patients and clinicians. It also addresses the role of respiratory therapists in patient assessment and the importance of privacy, confidentiality, and cultural competence in communication. Test your knowledge on these essential topics.

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