52 Questions
What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the walls of the alveoli?
Diffusion
What is the result of poor perfusion in terms of carbon dioxide removal?
Impaired carbon dioxide transportation out of tissues
What is the primary role of hemoglobin in the context of oxygen delivery?
Transporting oxygen from lungs to tissues
What is the term for the balance of all systems in the body?
Homeostasis
What is the consequence of inadequate cellular perfusion?
Cellular injury or death
What is the process by which carbon dioxide combines with water in the bloodstream to form bicarbonate?
Hydration reaction
What is the primary function of the capillary sphincters in the regulation of blood flow?
To regulate blood flow through the capillary beds
What is the term for the pressure of blood within the vessels at any moment in time?
Blood pressure
What is the primary response of the autonomic nervous system during a state of shock?
To increase heart rate and vasoconstriction
What is the result of inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure, in cardiogenic shock?
Pulmonary edema
What is the term for the amount of force the heart generates with each contraction?
Pulse pressure
What is the primary mechanism that regulates blood flow through the capillary beds?
Capillary sphincters
What is the term for the volume of blood that the heart can pump per minute?
Cardiac output
What is the primary cause of distributive shock?
Widespread dilation of small arterioles, small venules, or both
What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system in response to shock?
To assume more control of the body's functions during a state of shock
What is the term for the three parts of the cardiovascular system that work together to maintain perfusion?
Perfusion triangle
What is the primary goal of emergency treatment for a patient with neurogenic shock?
Obtaining and maintaining a proper airway
What is the most effective treatment for a severe, acute allergic reaction?
Administering epinephrine by way of intramuscular injection
Why is it important to suspect another problem in a patient who reports not being able to walk after a fall thought to be related to psychogenic shock?
Because they may have suffered a head injury
What is a key consideration when treating older patients in shock?
They may take numerous medications that could either mask or mimic signs of shock
What is the primary goal of transporting a patient with hypovolemic shock to the ED?
To provide further evaluation and treatment for shock
What is a crucial step in treating anaphylactic shock?
Trying to find out what agent caused the reaction and how it was received
What is the primary cause of septic shock?
Toxins generated by bacterial infections
What is the result of neurogenic shock?
Widespread dilation of vessels
What is the significance of a drop in blood pressure in shock?
It indicates that shock is well developed
What is the primary assessment for a patient with suspected shock?
Rapid exam to determine level of consciousness
What is the treatment for life-threatening external bleeding in a patient with suspected shock?
Address bleeding first, then airway and breathing
What is the significance of a rapid pulse in a patient with suspected shock?
It indicates compensated shock
What is the result of anaphylactic shock?
Temporary, generalized vasodilation
What is the significance of assessing for a distal pulse in a patient with suspected shock?
It reveals important clues regarding the presence of shock
What is the treatment for a patient with no pulse and no breathing in shock?
Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Why is it important to expect shock in many emergency medical situations?
Because it can be deadly if not treated promptly
What is the first step in assessing a patient's condition?
Quickly assess skin temperature, color, and capillary refill time
When should a secondary assessment of the entire body be performed?
If the patient gives a poor initial general impression or has problems noted in the primary assessment
What is the primary goal of treating shock?
To support the cardiovascular system
What is a key consideration when treating patients with cardiogenic shock?
Avoiding nitroglycerin due to hypotension
What is the definitive treatment for cardiac tamponade?
Surgery
What is a critical step in treating tension pneumothorax?
Chest decompression
What is a key consideration when treating septic shock?
Supporting ventilations as needed
When should manual in-line stabilization be performed?
If the patient's airway is compromised
What is the recommended frequency for recording vital signs during transport?
Every 5 minutes
What is a key consideration when treating patients with shock?
Providing comfort and reassurance to the patient
What is the primary goal of treating a patient with psychogenic shock?
To restore circulation to the brain
Which type of shock is particularly concerning in older patients due to potential medication interactions?
Cardiogenic shock
What is the primary reason to suspect another problem in a patient who reports not being able to walk after a fall thought to be related to psychogenic shock?
Potential head injury
In what type of shock is it particularly important to control all obvious external bleeding?
Hypovolemic shock
What is the recommended method of oxygen administration for a patient with anaphylactic shock?
High-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask
Which type of shock may be caused by a severe, acute allergic reaction?
Anaphylactic shock
What is the primary goal of emergency treatment for a patient with neurogenic shock?
To maintain airway, breathing, and circulation
In what type of shock is it particularly important to consider requesting ALS backup, if available?
Anaphylactic shock
What is the primary reason to transport a patient with suspected hypovolemic shock to the ED?
To receive aggressive general support
What is the recommended method of transporting a patient with suspected hypovolemic shock?
Rapid transportation to the ED
Test your understanding of the pathophysiology of shock, including its definition, causes, and effects on the body. Learn about the importance of perfusion and how compromised perfusion can lead to cellular injury or death.
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