Pathophysiology of Shock
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the walls of the alveoli?

  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Active transport
  • Diffusion (correct)
  • Osmosis

    • What is the result of poor perfusion in terms of carbon dioxide removal?

  • Decreased bicarbonate production
  • Increased carbon dioxide exhalation
  • Impaired carbon dioxide transportation out of tissues (correct)
  • Enhanced oxygen delivery to tissues

    • What is the primary role of hemoglobin in the context of oxygen delivery?

  • Transporting oxygen from lungs to tissues (correct)
  • Carrying carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs
  • Maintaining blood pressure
  • Regulating blood pH levels

    • What is the term for the balance of all systems in the body?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inadequate cellular perfusion?

    <p>Cellular injury or death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which carbon dioxide combines with water in the bloodstream to form bicarbonate?

    <p>Hydration reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the capillary sphincters in the regulation of blood flow?

    <p>To regulate blood flow through the capillary beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pressure of blood within the vessels at any moment in time?

    <p>Blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary response of the autonomic nervous system during a state of shock?

    <p>To increase heart rate and vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure, in cardiogenic shock?

    <p>Pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of force the heart generates with each contraction?

    <p>Pulse pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism that regulates blood flow through the capillary beds?

    <p>Capillary sphincters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of blood that the heart can pump per minute?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of distributive shock?

    <p>Widespread dilation of small arterioles, small venules, or both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system in response to shock?

    <p>To assume more control of the body's functions during a state of shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the three parts of the cardiovascular system that work together to maintain perfusion?

    <p>Perfusion triangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of emergency treatment for a patient with neurogenic shock?

    <p>Obtaining and maintaining a proper airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective treatment for a severe, acute allergic reaction?

    <p>Administering epinephrine by way of intramuscular injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to suspect another problem in a patient who reports not being able to walk after a fall thought to be related to psychogenic shock?

    <p>Because they may have suffered a head injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when treating older patients in shock?

    <p>They may take numerous medications that could either mask or mimic signs of shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of transporting a patient with hypovolemic shock to the ED?

    <p>To provide further evaluation and treatment for shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial step in treating anaphylactic shock?

    <p>Trying to find out what agent caused the reaction and how it was received</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of septic shock?

    <p>Toxins generated by bacterial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of neurogenic shock?

    <p>Widespread dilation of vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a drop in blood pressure in shock?

    <p>It indicates that shock is well developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary assessment for a patient with suspected shock?

    <p>Rapid exam to determine level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for life-threatening external bleeding in a patient with suspected shock?

    <p>Address bleeding first, then airway and breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a rapid pulse in a patient with suspected shock?

    <p>It indicates compensated shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of anaphylactic shock?

    <p>Temporary, generalized vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of assessing for a distal pulse in a patient with suspected shock?

    <p>It reveals important clues regarding the presence of shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for a patient with no pulse and no breathing in shock?

    <p>Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to expect shock in many emergency medical situations?

    <p>Because it can be deadly if not treated promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in assessing a patient's condition?

    <p>Quickly assess skin temperature, color, and capillary refill time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a secondary assessment of the entire body be performed?

    <p>If the patient gives a poor initial general impression or has problems noted in the primary assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treating shock?

    <p>To support the cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when treating patients with cardiogenic shock?

    <p>Avoiding nitroglycerin due to hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definitive treatment for cardiac tamponade?

    <p>Surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical step in treating tension pneumothorax?

    <p>Chest decompression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when treating septic shock?

    <p>Supporting ventilations as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should manual in-line stabilization be performed?

    <p>If the patient's airway is compromised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for recording vital signs during transport?

    <p>Every 5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when treating patients with shock?

    <p>Providing comfort and reassurance to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treating a patient with psychogenic shock?

    <p>To restore circulation to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of shock is particularly concerning in older patients due to potential medication interactions?

    <p>Cardiogenic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason to suspect another problem in a patient who reports not being able to walk after a fall thought to be related to psychogenic shock?

    <p>Potential head injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of shock is it particularly important to control all obvious external bleeding?

    <p>Hypovolemic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method of oxygen administration for a patient with anaphylactic shock?

    <p>High-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of shock may be caused by a severe, acute allergic reaction?

    <p>Anaphylactic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of emergency treatment for a patient with neurogenic shock?

    <p>To maintain airway, breathing, and circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of shock is it particularly important to consider requesting ALS backup, if available?

    <p>Anaphylactic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason to transport a patient with suspected hypovolemic shock to the ED?

    <p>To receive aggressive general support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method of transporting a patient with suspected hypovolemic shock?

    <p>Rapid transportation to the ED</p> Signup and view all the answers

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