30 Questions
What is the result of the mediator's action on pulmonary capillaries?
Increased capillary membrane permeability
During which phase does cellular granulation and collagen deposition occur?
Fibro-proliferative Phase
What happens to the hyaline membranes during the Resolution Phase?
They are cleared
What is a sign of the Exudative Phase?
Parenchymal surface hemorrhage
What is the goal of administering high Fio2 levels?
To increase oxygenation
What is a characteristic of the Fibro-proliferative Phase?
Intra alveolar atelectasis
When should mechanical ventilation be initiated in a patient with ARDS?
When the patient is experiencing cardiovascular instability or severe hypoxemia
Why is sedation and analgesia necessary after intubation in a patient with ARDS?
To minimize oxygen consumption and maximize gas exchange
What is the preferred route of nutrition in patients with ARDS?
Enteral nutrition
What is the recommended duration of prone positioning in patients with severe ARDS and refractory hypoxemia?
Greater than 12 hours a day
What is the primary reason for positioning a patient with acute pulmonary embolism in a sitting or semi-Fowler's position?
To prevent oxygen desaturation
What is the primary reason for the nurse to discuss gentamycin with the healthcare provider before administration in a patient with ARDS and acute renal failure?
Nephrotoxicity
What is the most common source of emboli in acute pulmonary embolism?
Pelvic and deep leg veins
What is the purpose of ECMO in patients with severe ARDS?
To improve oxygenation
What is the effect of a massive pulmonary embolism on the pulmonary vascular bed?
Occlusion of the pulmonary vascular bed
What is the purpose of administering heparin in the emergency management of acute pulmonary embolism?
To prevent further clots from forming
What is the term for the three predisposing factors of acute pulmonary embolism?
Vichow's Triad
Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to measure the level of D-dimer in the blood?
D-dimer
What is the primary goal of administrating inotropic agents and intravenous fluids in pulmonary embolism patients?
To reverse hemodynamic effects of pulmonary hypertension
What is the main indication for fibrinolytic therapy in pulmonary embolism patients?
Massive cases
What is the primary role of the nurse in managing a patient with COPD?
Optimizing oxygenation and ventilation
What is the likely diagnosis of a patient with a chronic productive cough, dyspnea on excretion, and cyanosis?
COPD
What is the characteristic of airflow obstruction in COPD?
Irreversible airflow obstruction
What is the underlying cause of COPD?
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
What is the definition of Chronic Bronchitis?
Presence of chronic productive cough for 3 or more months in each of 2 successive years
What is the result of the destruction of elastin and collagen in Emphysema?
Trapped air leading to hyperinflation
Why does less air flow in and out of the airways in COPD?
All of the above
What is the primary purpose of Chest X-ray in COPD diagnosis?
To provide evidence of COPD and specific x-ray findings for the cause of ARF
What is the goal of Breathing Retraining in COPD management?
To improve ventilation and oxygenation
What is the primary focus of Nursing Management in COPD?
Optimizing oxygenation and ventilation
Understand the three phases of lung inflammation, including the mediator-induced injury, fibro-proliferative phase, and resolution phase. Learn how the lungs respond to injury and recover from infection.
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