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What is the term for a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood?
What is the term for a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood?
What is the term for an increase in the number of neutrophils in the blood?
What is the term for an increase in the number of neutrophils in the blood?
What is the term for a shift in the maturity of neutrophils in the blood?
What is the term for a shift in the maturity of neutrophils in the blood?
What is the term for a decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood?
What is the term for a decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood?
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What is the term for an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood?
What is the term for an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood?
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What is the term for a cancer of the blood and bone marrow?
What is the term for a cancer of the blood and bone marrow?
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What is the term for an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood?
What is the term for an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood?
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What is the term for a decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the blood?
What is the term for a decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the blood?
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What is leukocytosis characterized by?
What is leukocytosis characterized by?
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What is the primary cell type affected in CLL?
What is the primary cell type affected in CLL?
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What is the most common finding in CLL?
What is the most common finding in CLL?
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What is the survival rate for CLL?
What is the survival rate for CLL?
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What is the primary cell type affected in CML?
What is the primary cell type affected in CML?
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What is the treatment for CML?
What is the treatment for CML?
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What is the progression of CML?
What is the progression of CML?
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What is the survival rate for CML?
What is the survival rate for CML?
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Study Notes
Leukocyte Disorders
- Leukopenia: a decrease in the number of leukocytes (white blood cells) in the blood
- Leukocytosis: an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood, which can be a normal response to stress or infection or a pathological condition
Neutrophil-related Disorders
- Neutrophilia: an increase in the number of neutrophils in the blood
- Neutropenia: a decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood
- Shift-to-the-left: a shift in the neutrophil maturation curve, where immature neutrophils are released into the bloodstream
Other Leukocyte Disorders
- Granulocytopenia: a decrease in the number of granulocytes (a type of leukocyte) in the blood, often caused by drug reactions or infections
- Eosinophilia: an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood, often caused by parasitic infections or allergic reactions
- Basophilia: an increase in the number of basophils in the blood, often associated with inflammatory reactions
- Basopenia: a decrease in the number of basophils in the blood
- Monocytosis: an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood, often associated with chronic infections or inflammation
- Monocytopenia: a decrease in the number of monocytes in the blood
- Lymphocytosis: an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood, often associated with viral infections
- Lymphocytopenia: a decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the blood
Infectious Mononucleosis
- Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- Transmitted through contact with saliva or mucus
- Clinical manifestations: fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes
- Diagnostic testing: blood tests for EBV antibodies and monospot test
Leukemia
- A type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow
- Predominant cells of origin: lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, or erythrocytes
- Types of leukemia: acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Acute vs Chronic Leukemia
- Acute leukemia: rapid progression, high mortality rate, and treatment-dependent survival rate
- Chronic leukemia: slow progression, low mortality rate, and treatment-dependent survival rate
Leukemia Types
- ALL: most common in children, rapid progression, 91% survival rate, and primary cell of origin is lymphoblasts and B cells
- AML: most common in adults, rapid progression, 24% survival rate, and primary cell of origin is precursor myeloid cells
- CLL: most common in adults, slow progression, 85% survival rate, and primary cell of origin is monoclonal B lymphocytes
- CML: most common in adults, slow progression, no cure, and primary cell of origin is neutrophilic or eosinophilic or clonal cells arising from a hematopoietic stem cell
Clinical Manifestations of Leukemia
- Acute leukemia: fever, fatigue, and bleeding
- Chronic leukemia: infections, fever, and weight loss, with painless splenomegaly in CML
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Description
This quiz covers the definitions and explanations of various leukocyte-related terms, including leukopenia, leukocytosis, and pathophysiology of leukemias.
