Pathophysiology Introduction: Cell Structure & Function

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Questions and Answers

What occurs when a higher-than-expected number of cases of an infectious disease occur within a given area?

  • Infection spike
  • Epidemic (correct)
  • Disease outbreak
  • Pandemic

What is the term for a decrease in the size of cells, resulting in reduced tissue mass?

  • Metaplasia
  • Atrophy (correct)
  • Hypertrophy
  • Hyperplasia

What type of cell damage occurs due to a deficit of oxygen in the cells?

  • Dysplasia
  • Hypoxia
  • Ischemia (correct)
  • Anaplasia

What is the term for the formation of a 'new growth', commonly known as a tumor?

<p>Neoplasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue necrosis occurs when dead cells liquefy due to the release of cell enzymes?

<p>Liquefaction necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an area of necrotic tissue is invaded by bacteria?

<p>Gangrene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a form of coagulation necrosis that forms a thick, yellowish 'cheesy' substance?

<p>Caseous necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a physical damage that can cause cell damage?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an increase in cell size, resulting in enlarged tissue mass?

<p>Hypertrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an increase in the number of cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass?

<p>Hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of temporary airway narrowing in asthma?

<p>Bronchial inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of chronic inflammation in asthma patients?

<p>Damage to the lung tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is NOT commonly associated with asthma?

<p>Fever (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of health?

<p>Physical, mental, and social well-being (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of health indicators?

<p>To monitor population health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to justify the testing of a treatment in a clinical trial?

<p>To prevent redundant research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pathophysiology and clinical trials?

<p>Pathophysiology informs the development of clinical trials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the student activity in the example of pathophysiology?

<p>To determine the pathophysiology of a disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of identifying a specific disease?

<p>To diagnose the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the development of a disease?

<p>Pathogenesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an acute disease?

<p>Develops quickly, marked signs, short term (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a subclinical state?

<p>Pathologic changes occur, no obvious manifestations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the factors that promote disease development?

<p>Predisposing factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is obtained from a medical history?

<p>Current and prior illnesses, allergies, hospitalizations, and treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is obtaining a health history important?

<p>To understand the patient's overall health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a latent state?

<p>No symptoms or clinical signs are evident (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of pathophysiology?

<p>The study of functional changes in the body during disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of homeostasis in the body?

<p>It is crucial for the body's survival and proper functioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pathophysiology and anatomy and physiology?

<p>Pathophysiology builds on the knowledge of anatomy and physiology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions are typically asked in pathophysiology?

<p>What are the mechanisms responsible for disease onset, progression, and recovery? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of understanding cell adaptation in pathophysiology?

<p>It helps to understand how cells respond to changes in their environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between disease and homeostasis?

<p>Disease is a disruption of homeostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of learning objectives in pathophysiology?

<p>Describing current issues in pathophysiology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a system that maintains homeostasis in the body?

<p>The body's temperature regulation system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a disease that spreads across many regions of the globe?

<p>Pandemic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cellular adaptation occurs when mature cells are replaced by a different type of mature cell?

<p>Metaplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a decrease in oxygen in tissues?

<p>Hypoxia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell damage occurs due to excessive heat or cold?

<p>Physical damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an area of dead cells due to oxygen deprivation?

<p>Infarction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue necrosis occurs when fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids?

<p>Fat necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for abnormal metabolites that occur due to genetic disorders?

<p>Inborn errors of metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an increase in the number of cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass, that is related to cellular adaptations?

<p>Hyperplasia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the period of recovery from a disease?

<p>Convalescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the collection of signs and symptoms of a disease?

<p>Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unwanted outcomes of a primary condition?

<p>Sequelae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the probability of recovery or other outcomes from a disease?

<p>Prognosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the science of identifying the causative factors and tracking the pattern or occurrence of disease?

<p>Epidemiology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of new cases of a disease in a specific population within a specified time?

<p>Incidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition that triggers an acute episode of a disease?

<p>Precipitating factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the treatment measures to promote recovery or slow the progress of a disease?

<p>Therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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