Pathology REP Endometriosis Definition and Sites
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following complications can chocolate cyst (ovarian endometriosis) lead to?

  • Hemorrhage
  • Reactive fibrosis (correct)
  • Polypi
  • Whorly appearance
  • What is the main cause of increased number of cells in endometrial hyperplasia?

  • Cystic changes
  • Ovarian endometriosis
  • Prolonged estrogen stimulation (correct)
  • Perimenopausal age
  • Which of the following features are present in adenocarcinoma but absent in severe/atypical hyperplasia?

  • Whorly bundle
  • Fibrous appearance
  • Well circumscribed
  • Marked pleomorphism and loss of polarity (correct)
  • What is the most common benign tumor in females during active reproductive life?

    <p>Leiomyoma or fibroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between endometriosis and adenomyosis?

    <p>Endometriosis involves the presence of endometrial glands/tissue or stroma in abnormal sites outside the uterus, while adenomyosis involves the growth of the basal layer of endometrium down into the myometrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the growth of leiomyoma or fibroma (benign tumor of myometrium)?

    <p>Estrogen and OCP (oral contraceptive pills)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of pathogenesis explains the occurrence of ovarian endometriosis?

    <p>Regurgitation theory (Theory I): Back flow of endometrial tissue through the fallopian tubes during menstruation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the occurrence of menstrual bleeding in the ovaries due to endometriosis considered problematic?

    <p>It leads to the formation of cysts and bleeding in a closed area, known as Chocolate cyst.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an extra-pelvic site of endometriosis according to the provided information?

    <p>Umbilicus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes endometriosis from being classified as neoplasia or inflammation?

    <p>It involves endometrial tissue outside the uterus but is neither a neoplasia nor an inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Complications of Endometriosis

    • Chocolate cysts (ovarian endometriosis) can lead to complications such as adhesions, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility.

    Endometrial Hyperplasia

    • The main cause of increased number of cells in endometrial hyperplasia is prolonged exposure to estrogen.

    Adenocarcinoma vs. Severe/Atypical Hyperplasia

    • Features present in adenocarcinoma but absent in severe/atypical hyperplasia include stromal invasion and cellular atypia.

    Benign Tumors in Females

    • The most common benign tumor in females during active reproductive life is leiomyoma or fibroma (benign tumor of myometrium).

    Endometriosis vs. Adenomyosis

    • The main difference between endometriosis and adenomyosis is that endometriosis occurs outside the uterus, while adenomyosis occurs within the uterine wall.

    Growth of Leiomyoma

    • Estrogen stimulates the growth of leiomyoma or fibroma (benign tumor of myometrium).

    Pathogenesis of Ovarian Endometriosis

    • The implants theory of pathogenesis explains the occurrence of ovarian endometriosis, where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus.

    Menstrual Bleeding in Ovaries

    • The occurrence of menstrual bleeding in the ovaries due to endometriosis is considered problematic because it can lead to inflammation, scarring, and adhesions.

    Extra-Pelvic Sites of Endometriosis

    • According to the provided information, one extra-pelvic site of endometriosis is the lungs.

    Classification of Endometriosis

    • Endometriosis is distinguished from being classified as neoplasia or inflammation because it lacks characteristics of malignancy and chronic inflammation.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the definition of endometriosis, its presence outside the uterus, and its occurrence in females. It also delves into the sites of endometriosis, including pelvic and extra-pelvic locations.

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