28 Questions
What is a hamartoma composed of?
Disorganized mass of tissue with cell types indigenous to the site of the lesion
What is the term for malignant tumor of lymphocytes?
Lymphoma
What is the term for a benign tumor that resembles mature cells of its tissue of origin?
Well-differentiated neoplasm
What is the term for a malignant tumor that grows and develops from the transformation of a single cell?
Malignant change in the target cell
What is the term for a tumor that is composed of primitive cells with little differentiation?
Undifferentiated or anaplastic tumor
What is the prognosis of a poorly differentiated malignant tumor compared to a well-differentiated malignant tumor?
Worse
What is a common characteristic of cancers that occur in individuals with a genetic predisposition?
Early age at onset and multiple or bilateral tumors
Which of the following is a viral exposure that is associated with a specific type of cancer?
Human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer
What is a non-hereditary predisposing condition that may increase the risk of cancer?
Leukoplakia of mucous membranes
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cancers that occur in persons ≥ 55 years?
Childhood cancers are more common in this age group
What is the 'soil' theory related to in the context of cancer?
Two or more primary relatives with the cancer
What is the primary difference between a Grade I cancer and a Grade III cancer?
Microscopic appearance
What is the classification of a tumor that is 3 cm in diameter and has invaded the chest wall?
T4
Which of the following tumor markers is an example of an 'ONCO'FETAL marker?
AFP
What is the significance of the 'M' in PSMA?
Membrane
What is the classification of a tumor with no lymph node metastasis?
N0
What is the term for the first tumor marker discovered?
Carcinoembryonic antigen
Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical carcinogen initiators?
Viral particles
What is the main function of CD8+ T-Cells in tumor immune surveillance?
To eliminate tumor cells
Which of the following viruses is associated with the development of Burkitt Lymphoma?
EBV
What is the main effect of promoters on initiated cells?
They increase cell proliferation
Which type of radiation is associated with the development of hematopoietic tumors?
Ionizing radiation
What is the outcome of H.pylori infection in relation to carcinogenesis?
It leads to the development of gastric lymphomas
What is a common characteristic of CEA and AFP?
They can be elevated in both benign and malignant diseases
What is the primary advantage of PSA as a marker for prostate carcinoma?
It is not expressed by any tissue other than prostate
What is the correlation between low AFP levels and a specific condition?
Down syndrome
What is a benign condition that can cause elevated PSA levels?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
What is a common feature of CEA, AFP, and PSA?
They can be elevated in both benign and malignant diseases
Test your knowledge of tumor pathology, including types of tumors and cancers, such as pleomorphic adenoma, carcinosarcoma, and hamartoma. Learn about the natural history of malignant tumors and more.
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