Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors?
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors?
- They do not depend on the host for nutrition and blood supply
- They invade adjacent structures and spread to distant sites (correct)
- They are always fatal
- They remain localized and are amenable to local surgical removal
What is the term for the study of neoplasia?
What is the term for the study of neoplasia?
- Tumorology
- Neoplasia
- Cancerology
- Oncology (correct)
What is the common term for all malignant neoplasms?
What is the common term for all malignant neoplasms?
- Benign tumor
- Cancer (correct)
- Neoplasia
- Tumor
What is the suffix added to the cell type to name a benign tumor?
What is the suffix added to the cell type to name a benign tumor?
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
What is the term for transformed cells that continue to replicate autonomously?
What is the term for transformed cells that continue to replicate autonomously?
What is the term for the growth of malignant tumors that extends into adjacent tissues?
What is the term for the growth of malignant tumors that extends into adjacent tissues?
What is the term for the spread of malignant tumors to distant sites?
What is the term for the spread of malignant tumors to distant sites?
What is the term for a malignant neoplasm arising from mesenchymal tissues or its derivatives?
What is the term for a malignant neoplasm arising from mesenchymal tissues or its derivatives?
Which of the following is an example of a carcinoma?
Which of the following is an example of a carcinoma?
What is the term for a malignant neoplasm arising from squamous cells?
What is the term for a malignant neoplasm arising from squamous cells?
Which of the following is an exception to the naming rule of malignant tumors?
Which of the following is an exception to the naming rule of malignant tumors?
What is the term for a mass that projects above a mucosal surface?
What is the term for a mass that projects above a mucosal surface?
What is the origin of mixed tumors, whether benign or malignant?
What is the origin of mixed tumors, whether benign or malignant?
Which of the following is a malignant tumor that arises from epithelial cells?
Which of the following is a malignant tumor that arises from epithelial cells?
What is the term for a benign epithelial neoplasm that grows on any surface and produces macroscopic or microscopic finger-like projections?
What is the term for a benign epithelial neoplasm that grows on any surface and produces macroscopic or microscopic finger-like projections?
What is the characteristic of malignant neoplasms in terms of cell differentiation?
What is the characteristic of malignant neoplasms in terms of cell differentiation?
What is the ability of malignant tumors?
What is the ability of malignant tumors?
What is anaplasia?
What is anaplasia?
What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?
What is the main difference between benign and malignant tumors?
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors in terms of invasion?
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors in terms of invasion?
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors in terms of metastasis?
What is the characteristic of malignant tumors in terms of metastasis?
Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
What is the term used to describe the similarity of a benign tumor to its original tissue?
What is the term used to describe the similarity of a benign tumor to its original tissue?
Study Notes
Types of Neoplasms
- Cystadenoma: a hollow cystic mass that typically arises in the ovary
- Papilloma: a benign epithelial neoplasm growing on any surface, producing macroscopic or microscopic finger-like projections (papillae)
Naming of Malignant Tumors
- Malignant neoplasms arising in mesenchymal tissues or its derivatives are called sarcomas
- Examples: fibrosarcoma (fibrous tissue), chondrosarcoma (cartilage), liposarcoma (lipid), angiosarcoma (blood vessels)
- Malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells is called carcinoma
- Examples: glands (adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (squamous cell carcinoma)
Polyps
- A mass that projects above a mucosal surface, can be benign or malignant, depending on cellular and nuclear features
- Can be non-neoplastic (e.g. hyperplastic or inflammatory polyp)
Exceptions
- Lymphoma
- Seminoma
- Melanoma
- Mesothelioma
Mixed Tumors
- Derived from a single neoplastic cell, but can differentiate into two or more neoplastic elements
- Example: fibroadenoma of the breast (uncontrolled proliferation of both fibrous and glandular tissue)
Teratoma
- A special type of mixed tumor that derives from more than one germ cell layer, and sometimes all three germ cell layers
- Originate from totipotential germ cells normally present in the ovary and testis
- Can give rise to neoplasms that contain many tissues (e.g. epithelium, skin appendages, bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, nerve, thyroid, glial tissue, teeth)
Hamartoma and Choristoma
- Hamartoma: a mass of disorganized tissue native to the particular site, considered as developmental malformation, though some are neoplastic
- Choristoma: a congenital anomaly consisting of an ectopic nest of cells
Characteristics of Benign and Malignant Neoplasms
- Three fundamental features distinguish benign from malignant tumors:
- Differentiation: similarity to original tissue (structurally and functionally)
- Invasion
- Metastasis
Benign Tumors
- Consist of well-differentiated mass resembling normal original tissue (structurally and functionally)
- No invasion and no metastasis
Malignant Neoplasms
- Exhibit a wide range of cell differentiation, from well-differentiated to anaplastic (loss of differentiation)
- Ability for invasion and metastasis
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Description
Learn about types of neoplasms, including cystadenoma, papilloma, and malignant tumors such as sarcomas, with examples of tumors arising from different tissue types.
